Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B). "A drug used for A patients is obtained from a species of the organism B. The one correct option for the two blanks is

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. A-heart, B-Penicillium

  2. A-organ-transplant, B-Trichoderma

  3. A-swine flu, B-Monascus

  4. A-AIDS, B-Pseudomonas

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) $Penicillium$ is an antibiotic and is not related to heart patients.
B) $Trichoderma\quad polysporum$ is a fungus that is used to produce the drug cyclosporine which is used to overcome rejection reactions after organ translplants.
C) $Monascus\quad purpureus$ is a yeast from which statins are produced which acts as a clot buster and controls cholesterol levels. It is not related to swine flu.

D) $Pseudomonas$ is an infection causing bacteria. AIDS is caused by a virus.
So the correct answer is 'A-organ-transplant, B-Trichoderma'.

Major histocompatibility (MHC) complex genes are present in which of the following chromosome of humans?

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Chromosome 22

  2. Chromosome 7

  3. Chromosome 6

  4. X chromosome

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A group of genes that code for proteins found on the surfaces of cells that help the immune system recognize foreign substances Major histocompatibility (MHC) complex genes. In vertebrates, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes present on chromosome 6 code for a set of cell surface proteins that are  essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules, which determines histocompatibility.

So, the correct  option is 'chromosome 6'.

Which of the following drugs is used in leukaemia patients as an immunosuppressant?

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Cyclophosphamide

  2. Tetracycline

  3. Beta blockers

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A-Cyclophosphamide CP known as cytophoshphane among other names is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. Chemotherapy is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and sarcoma.

So the correct option is A.

Azathioprine is given before and after organ transplant because

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. It inhibits mitosis.

  2. It decreases T and B cell proliferation.

  3. It inhibits meiosis.

  4. Both A and B.

Show answer
Correct Option: D

 ............. are fungal metabolites with immunosuppressive properties.

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Cyclosporin A

  2. Rapamycin

  3. Tetracycline

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D

Cyclosporin is useful in

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Prophylactic for viruses

  2. Immunosuppressant

  3. Prophylactic for marasmus

  4. Treating allergic eozema

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cyclosporin is an effective immunosuppressant used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis) and in organ transplantation to prevent rejection. Cyclosporin lowers the activity of T-cells and hence, suppressing the activity of the immune system. Cyclosporin was isolated from the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. Common side effects include high blood pressure, headache, kidney problems, increased hair growth, and vomiting. So, the correct answer is 'Immunosuppressant'.

I. Temperature
II. Humidity
III. Vegetation 
The abiotic factors of ecosystem include

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. III only

  4. I and II only

  5. I, II and III

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Biotic factors of an ecosystem include all plant and animal species present in there. The abiotic factors include a physical environment in which they can survive. It includes light, temperature, humidity and other climatic condition as well as physical factors like soil. Thus, the correct answer is D. 

Pedology is the science of

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Rocks

  2. Diseases

  3. Soil

  4. Pollution

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Pedology is the study of soils in their natural environment. It is one of the two branches of soil.

The part of the biosphere which contains soil is known as 

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Pedosphere

  2. Lithosphere

  3. Hygrosphere

  4. Toposphere

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Pedosphere is an outer layer of earth that contains soil.
  • Lithosphere includes the brittle upper portion of the mantle, crust and Mantles are made of rock or ices. 
  • Hydrosphere contains all the waters on the earth's surface, such as lakes and seas.
  • Troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, closest to the earth's surface. so option A is a correct answer.

In a .......... ecosystem, the producers are mostly herbaceous or woody plants.

zoology environmental factors soil-nature climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

  1. Terrestrial

  2. Aquatic

  3. Desert

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Herbaceous plants are plants with very flexible stems. Woody plants include trees and shrubs. These are the plants present in the terrestrial ecosystem. They convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide and water are used in presence of sunlight to synthesize nutrients such carbohydrates in the form of glucose and release oxygen into the atmosphere. Since plants form the base of the terrestrial ecosystem they are the producers.