Tag: zoology

Immunosuppressants are drugs that inhibit or prevent the activity of the immune system, which is necessary to prevent the body from rejecting transplanted organs.

Immunosuppressants are used to manage graft versus host disease and are often required after procedures like bone marrow transplantation to prevent rejection.

Antibodies. Antibodies are sometimes used as a quick and potent immunosuppressive therapy to prevent the acute rejection reactions as well as a targeted treatment of autoimmune disorders 

Graft versus host disease (GvHD) occurs when the transplanted donor cells (the graft) recognize the recipient's body (the host) as foreign and attack it.

Autograft is a surgical transplantation of any tissue from one part of the body to another in the same individual. It is used in several kinds of plastic surgery, most commonly to replace skin lost in severe burns in which the open wound is usually covered with autograft.

• Grafting refers to a surgical procedure to move tissue from one site to another on the body, or from another creature, without bringing its own blood supply with it. Instead, a new blood supply grows in after it is placed.
• There are 4 types of grafting techniques. They are Allograft, Autograft, Isograft and Xenograft.
• Xenograft is the Grafting between two individuals of different species. Most commonly from animal to man such as pig heart valve used to replace human.
• Hence Graft between individuals of different species is called  Xenograft.
• So, the correct answer is 'Xenograft'.

Cyclosporin A is a potent immunosuppressant drug commonly used in organ transplantation to prevent rejection.

Alexis Carrel won noble prize for his research in organ transplantation in the year 1912. He's also considered as father of organ transplantation and vascular anastomosis.

The first organ transplant (kidney) performed in India was done at the King Edward Memorial Hospital at Bombay/Mumbai, Maharastra in May 1965.