Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Low sulphur diesel has become available in India from

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. First April 1996

  2. First April 1997

  3. First January 1997

  4. First January 1996

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Sulphur is an important fuel parameter for assessing exhaust emissions. It results in the release of particulate mater in the air. The original concentration of sulphur in diesel in India used to be about 10,000 ppm which now has been reduced to about 350 ppm. This was possible because of introduction of low sulphur diesel in India on First April in 1996.
So, the correct answer is 'First April 1996'.

Unleaded petrol has been introduced in India with effect from 

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. First January, 1996

  2. First April, 1995

  3. First April, 1996

  4. First January, 1997

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

From April 1995, mandatory fitment of catalytic converters in new petrol passenger cars sold in the four metros, Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai and Chennai along with the supply of Unleaded Petrol (ULP) was affected. Availability of ULP was further extended to 42 major cities and it is now available throughout the country. 

So the correct answer is 'First April 1995'.

Thermal plants have installed

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Cyclone collector

  2. Porous filters

  3. Electrostatic precipitators

  4. Adsorbents

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Cyclone collector removes particulate matter from air, water or gas stream.
B. Porous filters remove minute particles from liquids and gases.
C. Electrostatic precipitators removes the particulate matter from air as the particles are charged and get settled down when they are passed through a chamber.
D. Adsorbents remove very fine particles from air or water as the particles get stuck on the surface of adsorbents.
Thermal plants have installed electrostatic precipitators to remove the fly ash formed as a result of boiler emissions.
So, the correct answer is 'Electrostatic precipitators'.
 

In vehicles, catalytic converter are used to

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Increase mileage

  2. Convert $CO _2$ to carbonates

  3. Increase efficiency of lead petrol

  4. Convert CO to $CO _2$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Catalytic convertors consist of expensive metals like platinum- palladium and rhodium as catalysts which are fitted in the automobiles to reduce the emission of poisonous gases. When the exhaust passes through catalytic convertor, unburnt hydrocarbons get converted into carbon dioxide and water, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide and nitric oxide is converted to nitrogen gas.
So, the correct answer is 'Convert CO to CO2'.

Match the items of Column I and Column II and select the correct combinations.

Column-I Column-II
a Electrostatic precipitator p Removes gases like $SO _2$
b Scrubber q Reduces automobile emission
c Catalytic converter r Removes particulate matter
zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. a-q, b-r, c-p

  2. a-r, b-q, c-p

  3. a-r, b-q, c-r

  4. a-r, b-p, c-q

  5. a-p, b-r, c-q

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

  • Electrostatic precipitator is used to remove particulate matter present in the air. The particulate matter are charged and passed through a chamber where they the particles lose their charge and settle down.
  • Scrubbers are used to remove gases like sulphur dioxide (SO2). The exhaust is passed though a spray of lime or water.
  • Catalytic convertors consist of expensive metals like platinum- palladium and rhodium as catalysts which are fitted in the automobiles to reduce the emission of poisonous gases. When the exhaust passes through catalytic convertor, unburnt hydrocarbons get converted into carbon dioxide and water, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide and nitric oxide is converted to nitrogen gas.
So, the correct answer is 'a-r, b-p, c-q'.

Consider statements a-c about pollution.
(a) To control air pollution all Delhi buses were asked to run on unleaded petrol by the end of $2002$.
(b) Electrostatic precipitator can remove $99\%$ of particulate matter from thermal power plant exhaust.
(c) It is possible to estimate amount of organic matter in sewage water by measuring BOD. Of the statements.

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. b and c correct

  2. a alone correct

  3. b alone correct

  4. c alone correct

  5. a and b correct

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • An electrostatic precipitator is a device that removes suspended dust particles from a gas or exhaust by applying a high-voltage electrostatic charge and collecting the particles on charged plates. It can remove 99% of particulate matter from thermal power plant exhaust.
  • BOD(Biochemical oxygen demand) is a measure of, the amount of oxygen that require for the bacteria to degrade the organic components present in water/wastewater. Hence based on the BOD it is possible to estimate the amount of organic matter in sewage water.
  • Hence b and c are correct statements.
  • So, the correct answer is 'b and c correct'.

Which one is not an advantage of CNG over diesel?

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Burns more efficiently

  2. It is cheap

  3. Cannot be siphoned off by thieves

  4. Cannot be adulterated

  5. Easy to lay down pipelines for delivery

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:
  • Compressed natural gas (CNG) (methane stored at high pressure) is a fuel which can be used in place of gasoline, diesel fuel, and propane/LPG. 
  • CNG combustion produces fewer undesirable gases than the aforementioned fuels.
  • The main difficulty of was laying down pipelines for delivering CNG through distribution points up to the CNG pumps and to ensure uninterrupted supply.
  • Hence it is difficult to lay down pipelines for delivery of CNG.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Option E'.

The expensive metals used in catalytic converters of automobiles are.

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Cadmium and Rhodium

  2. Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium

  3. Lead and Cadmium

  4. Copper and Cadmium

  5. Lead and Mercury

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Catalytic converter is a device in automobiles that controls the exhaust emission. It has some expensive metals which acts as a catalyst on pollutants such as platinum, palladium and rhodium. These catalysts converts harmful nitrogen oxides into nitrogen gas and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide. Thus, the correct answer is 'Platinum, Palladium and Rhodium'.

Particulate and gaseous pollutants along with harmless gases are released from the thermal power plants. Name the most widely used device of removing particulate pollutants from the air.

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Electrostatic precipitator

  2. Fabric filters

  3. Cyclone separators

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An electrostatic precipitator is widely used to eliminate particulate and gaseous pollutants from the air with the help of a high-voltage electrostatic charge. Thermal power plants release various harmful gases and particulate matter in the environment such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other harmful emissions. Electrostatic precipitators are known to be very effective in removing the harmful chemicals present in the emissions. They are the best device for controlling air pollution.

So, the correct answer is 'Electrostatic precipitator'.

Which source of air pollution has a large stationary source?

zoology not for breathing not for drinking air pollution and its control air pollution - effects and control environmental issues

  1. Point Source

  2. Area Source

  3. Line Source

  4. Mobile Source

Show answer
Correct Option: A