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Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Which is required in glycolysis?

  1. ATP, ADP, $NAD^+$, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes
  2. $FAD^+$, ADP, ATP, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes
  3. $NADP^+$, ATP, GTP, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes
  4. $NAD^+$, $NADP^+$, ATP, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell and is present in all living organisms. In this process, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid.
  • Glycolysis requires specific ingredients to work. The inputs of glycolysis include a living cell, cytoplasmic enzymes, glucose, and energy transfer molecules nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).ADP.
  • Hence ATP, ADP, $NAD^+$, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes are required in glycolysis.
  • So, the correct answer is 'ATP, ADP, $NAD^+$, Glucose, cytoplasmic enzymes'.
Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

EMP is also known as

  1. Glycolysis.

  2. Krebs cycle.

  3. ETS.

  4. Fermentation.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Glycolysis is also known as E.M.P. pathway which stands for Embden - Meyerhof - Parnas Pathway, which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis splits a 6-carbon sugar, glucose, into two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvate in a series of steps, each catalyzed by a particular enzyme. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm (cytosol) of all living cells, not in mitochondria, and does not require the presence of oxygen. Therefore, glycolysis is also known as cytoplasmic respiration. 

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

1 molecule of glucose and 6 molecules of $O _2$ and 38 ADP combined to form $6 H _2O,\, 6 CO _2$ and 

  1. 38 molecules of ATP

  2. 28 ATP

  3. 38 ADP

  4. 28 ADP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

During aerobic respiration, one molecule of glucose is oxidized with the help of six oxygen molecules to produce six molecules of carbon dioxide. Six molecules of water are also produced in the process. During aerobic respiration ATP is produced by the processes of substrate level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. Combined together these processes produce 38 molecules of ATP by phosphorylating 38 molecules of ADP.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Which of the following is incorrect about glycolysis?

  1. Glycolysis converts a single molecule into two molecules of pyruvate.

  2. Glycolysis can produce a net total of 2 ATP for each glucose.

  3. The end product of glycolysis can form ethanol, lactate, or acetyl CoA.
  4. During glycolysis $FADH _{2}$ is produced.

  5. During glycolysis, NADH is produced.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Glycolysis produces NADH, but it does not produce FADH2. FADH2 is produced in the Krebs cycle.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Site of glycolysis/EMP is

  1. Chloroplast

  2. Chromosome

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. Nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cellular respiration is stepwise catabolic process that breaks down organic substrates to release energy. The first step in respiration is glycolysis that occurs in the cytoplasm of the living cell. Krebs' cycle and ETS occurs in mitochondria of the cell. So, the answer is 'Cytoplasm'.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

In animal cells, the first stage of glucose breakdown is

  1. Krebs cycle

  2. Glycolysis

  3. Oxidative phosphorylation

  4. Electron transport chain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cellular respiration is a complex process that involves multiple pathways. The first step is the glycolysis of glucose which is then followed by Krebs' cycle and ETS in the end. The end products of respiration is CO$ _2$ and H$ _2$O along with release of energy in the form of ATP. Glucose breakdown first starts with glycolysis.

So, the answer is 'Glycolysis'.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Glycolysis is conversion of

  1. Glucose to glycogen

  2. Glycogen to glucose

  3. Glucose to pyruvic acid

  4. Glucose to citric acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The first step of cellular respiration is the process of glycolysis, a process in which there is breakdown of an organic substance like glucose to pyruvic acid. There is stepwise oxidation of the substrate with the release of energy.

So, the correct answer is 'Glucose to pyruvic acid.'

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Glycolysis

  1. Occurs in mitochondria.

  2. Has no connection with ETC.
  3. Reduces 2 molecules of NAD$^+$ per glucose.

  4. Produces no ATP.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In glycolysis, glucose undergoes partial oxidation to form two molecules of pyruvic acid in a multi-step process catalyzed by various enzymes. In which 2 ATP molecules are obtained and NAD$^+$ into 2 molecules NADH when 2 moles of 1,3-diphosphoglyceraldehyde converts into two moles of 1,3 diphosphoglyceric acid.

So the correct option is 'Reduces 2 molecules of NAD+ per glucose.'.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

The energy releasing metabolic process in which substrate is oxidised without an external electron acceptor is

  1. Fermentation

  2. Aerobic respiration

  3. Photorespiration

  4. Glycolysis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cellular respiration aims at producing energy in the form of ATP and occurs in every living cell. The respiration starts with glycolysis, a stepwise process that oxidises respiratory substrate like glucose. Oxidation is in the form of removal of hydrogen and there is no external electron acceptor present.

So the answer is 'Glycolysis'.

Multiple choice parts of respiration cellular respiration the respiratory system breathing for energy biology types of respiration

Which of the following is formed from phosphorylation?

  1. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

  2. Phosphoglyceric acid

  3. PEP

  4. Pyruvic acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to an organic molecule.

During the glycolysis in the 3rd step, Fructose-6-phosphate is converted into Fructose1,6- bisphosphate. Here one ATP is consumed and converted to ADP as the phosphate group gets attached to the fructose. Here the enzyme used is phosphofructokinase.
So, the correct option is 'Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate'