Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

If pH of stomach is 1.6, then which enzyme will digest protein? 

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Amylase

  2. Trypsin

  3. Erypsin

  4. Pepsin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

If the pH of the stomach is 1.6, then 'pepsin' will digest protein.

So the correct option is D.

Digestion of which component of food will be affected if the pH of stomach is made 7?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Fat

  2. Protein

  3. Sucrose

  4. Vitamins

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Digestion of 'proteins' will be affected if the pH of the stomach is made 7.

So the correct option is B.

Which of the following molecules is incorrectly paired with its source?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Lysozyme-gastric juices

  2. Histamine-injured cells

  3. lnterferons-virus infected cells

  4. Immunoglobulins-plasma cells

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses, as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus. Histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching. 

Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses. In a typical scenario, a virus-infected cell will release interferons causing nearby cells to heighten their anti-viral defenses.
Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules produced by plasma cells (white blood cells). 
Lysozyme is a special enzyme found in tears, saliva, sweat, and other body fluids. Other mucosal linings, such as the nasal cavity, also contain lysozyme. It destroys bacteria that attempt to enter our body through these passageways. In the case of tears, they protect our eyes from bacterial invaders.

So, the correct option is 'Option A'.

Partially digested semisolid food formed in stomach is ...........

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Chyle

  2. Chyme

  3. Bolus

  4. Chylomicron

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chyme is the name given to the partially digested food, formed in the stomach and enters into the small intestine(duodenum) via the pyloric valve. Chyme, also known as chymus has the consistency of oatmeal(semisolid). Chyme is a thick semisolid mass of partially digested food and digestive secretions during the digestion process. Hence, partially digested semisolid food in the stomach is chyme.

So, the correct answer is 'Chyme'.

Pepsin digests .............. .

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Proteins in stomach

  2. Carbohydrates in duodenum

  3. Proteins in duodenum

  4. Carbohydrates in stomach

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive systems of humans and many other animals, where it helps digest the proteins in food. Zymogenic cell or peptic cell is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen and chymosin.

The proenzyme pepsinogen(inactive), on exposure to hydrochloric acid, gets converted to the active enzyme pepsin. Pepsin hydrolyses proteins to polypeptide chains and initiates protein digestion in the digestion process in humans. Hence, the pepsin digests protein in the stomach.

So, the correct option is 'proteins in the stomach'.

 

Renal calculi refers to the condition in which 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. tumor is present in the renal pelvis

  2. stone is formed in kidney

  3. infection occurs in the pelvis region

  4. urea accumulates in the blood

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Renal calculi or Kidney stones are solid masses made of crystals. Kidney stones usually originate in the kidneys. However, they can develop anywhere along the urinary tract.
So, the correct option is 'stone is formed in kidney'.

Which one of the following options shows a correct matching pair ?

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Man - Ureotelic

  2. Bird - Ammonotelic

  3. Fish - Uricotelic

  4. Frog - Uricotelic

Show answer
Correct Option: A,D
Explanation:

Most mammals e.g. human excrete in the form of urea. These are called ureotelics.

Most amphibians, birds e.g. frog excrete waste product in the form of uric acid. These are called uricotelics.
Fishes are ammonotelic as they excrete ammonia.
Therefore, correct options are (A) and (D).

The condition of accumulation of urea in the blood is termed as 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. Renal Caculli

  2. Glomerulonephritits

  3. Uremia

  4. Ketonuria

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

In uremia, concentration of urea goes high in blood because the tubules are not able to remove it from the blood. 

So the correct option is C.

Match column I with column /ii and select the correct option from the codes given below. 
        Column I                     Column II
A.    Uremia                     (i)  Ketone bodies in urine 
B.    Ketonuria                 (ii) Artificial kidney 
C.    Glycosuria               (iii) Glucose in urine 
D.   Blood dialyser          (iv) Accumulation of urea in blood 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. A (iii), B (iv) , C (i), D ( ii)

  2. A (iv), B (i) , C (iii), D ( ii)

  3. A (i), B (iv) , C (ii), D (iii)

  4. A (ii), B (i) , C (iv), D ( iii)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Uremia is the condition of having high levels of urea in the blood. Ketonuria is the excretion of abnormally large amounts of ketone bodies in the urine. Renal glycosuria is a rare condition in which the simple sugar glucose is eliminated in the urine despite normal or low blood glucose levels. Dialysis is the process of removing excess water, solutes, and toxins from the blood in people whose kidneys can no longer perform these functions naturally. This is referred to as renal replacement therapy.

So, the correct option is 'A (iv), B (i) , C (iii), D ( ii)'. 

Match the abnormal conditions given in Column A with their explanations given in Column B and choose the correct option.
    Column A                        Column B
A. Glycosuria                   (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints 
B. Renal caculli                (ii) Inflammation in glomeruli 
C. Glomerular nephritis    (iii) Mass of crystalized salts within the kidney.
D. Gout                             (iv) Presence of glucose in urine 

biology excretion to maintain homeostasis kidney dialysis kidney disorders disorders of kidney

  1. $A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv)$

  2. $A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i)$

  3. $A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(i)$

  4. $A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(i)$

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Glycosuria is a condition characterized by an excess of sugar in the urine, typically associated with diabetes or kidney disease. Kidney stones, or renal calculi, are solid masses made of crystals. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli). Gout is a kind of arthritis caused by a buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. 

So, the correct option is 'A−(iv),B−(iii),C−(ii),D−(i)'.