Tag: biology

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a virus causing diphtheria. 
Rubella virus causes measles. 
Varicella virus causes chickenpox.
Human immunodeficiency virus infection is a disease of human immune system, which causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is transmitted through sexual contact, breastfeeding and blood transfusion.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The first AIDS case in India was detected in Solomon, a professor of microbiology in Government general hospital in Chennai in 1986 and since then HIV infection has been reported in all states and union territories.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

1 December is World AIDS Day, 29 December is Biological Diversity Day, 3 October is World Animal Day and 22 March is World Water Day.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the causative agent of AIDS. HIV is spread from an infected person to another person through direct contact with some of the body’s fluids like mother milk, blood, lymph and semen through sexual intercourse or by sharing the drug equipment like needles or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding or via blood transfusion.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to produced complementary strand of RNA, called as cDNA. This process occurs in RNA viruses. It was discovered by Howard Temin at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in RSV virions and independently isolated by David Baltimore in 1970 at MIT from RNA tumour viruses such as R-MLV and RSV. In 1975 Nobel Prize was awarded in Physiology or Medicine to both of them along with Renato Dulbecco. 

• AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
  
• The first AIDS cases were reported in the United States in June 1981.
  
• Hence AIDS was first reported in U.S.A in 1981.
  
• So, the correct answer is '1981'.
  

• AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
• As HIV is liable to be transmitted to people, organisms, etc. through the environment. Hence it is an infectious disease.
• AIDS does not spread from person to person through direct contact (touching a person who has the infection), indirect contact (touching a contaminated object), or droplet contact (inhaling droplets made when a person who has the infection coughs, sneezes, or talks). Hence it is a non-contagious
• Hence AIDS Is infectious and non -contagious disease..
• So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'.