Tag: biology

The greenhouse effect is the trapping of the infra-red rays that are reflected by the earth's surface by the atmospheric gases. These gases like carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs, sulphur tetrafluoride etc. are named as greenhouse gases. As a result, these rays are not reflected back to space and increase the overall temperature of the earth, called global warming. The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation are the main anthropogenic causes of the accumulation of greenhouse gases.

The greenhouse effect can be defined as the capture and re-radiation of the infre-red radiations by the tropospheric gases like ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapours and dust. This lead to the increase in the temperature of the atmosphere, and as a result the over all temperature of the earth increases, causing global warming.

A. Ozone layer effect is the absorption of UV rays.

B. Radioactive effect is the release of the radiations by radioactive substances.

C. The greenhouse effect can be defined as the capture and re-radiation of the infre-red radiations by the tropospheric gases like ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapours and dust.

D. Solar effect is the massive release of solar flares.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Greenhouse effect'.

Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring gas. It shows greenhouse effect by absorbing the the long-wavelength infra-red radiations coming from the earth's surface and preventing from leaving the atmosphere. This effect is responsible for maintaining the ambient temperature on the earth. However, due to increase in combustion of fossil fuels like petroleum and coal and excessive deforestation, the amount of carbon dioxide has increased over the past years and this has adversely affected the global temperature by raiding it. This is called global warming and is responsible for climate change. 

• The Chernobyl disaster was a catastrophic nuclear accident that occurred on 26 April 1986, in the No. 4 nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, near the city of Pripyat, in the north of the Ukrainian SSR. Which resulted in accidental leakage of radioactive wastes into the surrounding atmosphere which caused a large number of loss of human life and many genetic disorders due to radioactive mutations.
• El Niño is a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. El Nino is the “warm phase” of a larger phenomenon called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It results in climate change.
  
• Snow blindness is a painful, temporary loss of vision due to overexposure to the sun's UV -B rays. Its symptoms include inflammation of the cornea.
  
• So, the correct answer is 'a,b,d'.

El Niño Southern Oscillation refers to the cycle of warm and cold temperatures, as measured by sea surface temperature (SST) of the tropical central and eastern Pacific Ocean. El Niño is accompanied by high air pressure in the western Pacific and low air pressure in the eastern Pacific. These changes in tropical rainfall affect weather patterns throughout the world, particularly for the national agriculture, fishing, forestry, and energy sectors.

The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon responsible for heating surface and atmosphere of earth. It is caused due to the presence of greenhouse gases like CO$ _2$, CH$ _4$ and CFCs etc. An excess amount of these gases cause global warming. The greenhouse gases are responsible for the greenhouse effect.

Low clouds at night act as a blanket, absorbing infrared radiation emitted by the Earth's surface and re-emitting it back downwards, which enhances the greenhouse effect and keeps the surface warmer.