Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Find the odd one out.

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Parathyroid - tetany

  2. Pancreas - diabetes insipidus

  3. Adrenal cortex - Cushing's syndrome

  4. Thyroid - goitre

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). 

ADH is synthesised in the hypothalamus and transported to the posterior pituitary. Its deficiency causes an inability to concentrate urine in the distal renal tubules. 

Which of the following is neuropeptide hormone?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Vasopressin

  2. Insulin

  3. ACTH

  4. Glucagon

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Antidiuretic hormone, also known commonly as vasopressin, is a nine amino acid peptide secreted from the posterior pituitary. It has two principal sites of action: the kidney and blood vessels. Its two primary functions are to retain water in the body and to constrict blood vessels. 

Which gland is concerned with salt equilibrium in body?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Anterior Pituitary

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal

  4. Thyroid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The adrenal cortex produces a hormone, called as aldosterone, that is involved in regulating the amount of salt and water in the body. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid, which acts on the principal cells of the collecting ducts, ducts of sweat and salivary glands.

Which hormone can increase rate of formation of glycogen, volume of blood in vessel and rate of heart beat?

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Insulin

  2. Glucagon

  3. Adrenaline

  4. FSH

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Adrenaline is a natural stimulant hormone made in the adrenal gland of the kidney. Adrenaline is carried in the bloodstream and affects the autonomous nervous system, which controls functions such as the heart rate, dilation of the pupils, and secretion of sweat and saliva.

Luteinizing hormone

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Stimulates ovulation

  2. Stimulates the egg mother cell to undergo completion of meiotic cycle

  3. Stimulates the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In females, ovulation of mature follicles on the ovary is induced by LH secretion known as the preovulatory LH surge. Residual cells within ovulated follicles proliferate to form corpus luteum, which secretes the steroid hormones progesterone and estradiol. Progesterone is necessary for the maintenance of pregnancy, and, in most mammals, LH is required for continued development and function of corpora lutea. The name luteinizing hormone derives from this effect of inducing luteinization of ovarian follicles.

The effect of prolactin will be marked in

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Bones

  2. Pancreas

  3. Mammary gland

  4. Liver

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Prolactin is produced both in the anterior pituitary gland. It stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk (lactation); increased serum concentrations of prolactin during pregnancy cause enlargement of the mammary glands of the breasts and prepare for the production of milk. 

Adenohypophyseal hormone, that stimulates the gonads in males and females are called as

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Prolactin

  2. Luteotropic hormone

  3. Follicle stimulating hormone

  4. Gonadotropins

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Gonadotropins are secreted from the anterior pituitary gland and act on the gonads (i.e., the ovaries or testes). Gonadotrophs secrete two primary gonadotropins: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). 

Hormone prolactin was discovered by

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Riddle

  2. Hisaw

  3. Leonard

  4. Hisaw and Leonard

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Prolactin was discovered in non-human animals around 1930 by Oscar Riddle. It promotes milk production in the female. It is also known as a lactogenic hormone. It is produced by the pituitary gland.

So, the correct answer is option A.

The name of hormone secreted by the pituitary, which facilitates growth of ovarian follicle is

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Progesterone

  2. LH

  3. FSH

  4. Estradiol

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is synthesized and secreted under the influence of GnRH on the anterior pituitary. It regulates the development, growth, maturation of ovarian follicle, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of the body. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) act synergistically in reproduction. Under the influence of FSH ovary secretes estrogen. Thus the correct answer is option C.

Gorilla like man with large head and hands and protruding jaws, is produced due to

biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

  1. Over secretion of thyroxin

  2. Over secretion of growth hormone since maturity

  3. Excess of vitamin 'C' in diet

  4. Excess secretion of TSH

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When this happens, bones increase in size, including those of hands, feet and face. Acromegaly usually affects middle-aged adults.