Tag: properties and uses of different radiation

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Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

If a source of power $4\ kW$ produces $10^{20}$ photons/second, the radiation belongs to a part of the spectrum called:-

  1. $\gamma$-rays

  2. $X$-rays

  3. Ultraviolet rays

  4. Microwave
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

$4\times { 10 }^{ 3 }={ 10 }^{ 20 }\times h\nu$ 

where $\nu=$frequency
$\nu =\cfrac { 4\times { 10 }^{ 3 } }{ { 10 }^{ 20 }\times 6.023\times { 10 }^{ -34 } } $
$\nu =6.64\times { 10 }^{ 16 }Hz$
This frequency lies in the spectrum of X-rays.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

When accelerating voltage is increased from $10\ kV$ to $20\ kV$ in an X-ray tube, the gap between the wavelengths of $K _{\alpha}$ line and lowest end of continuous spectrum increases three times. The atomic number of the target element is:-

  1. $29$

  2. $27$

  3. $25$

  4. $23$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The shortest wavelength of the continuous spectrum is lambda_min = hc / eV. The gap between K-alpha and lambda_min is related to the accelerating voltage. Using Moseley's law and the given conditions, the atomic number Z can be solved.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

If the source of power $4kwW$ produces $10^20$ photons/second, the radiation belongs to the part of a spectrum called

  1. X rays

  2. Ultraviolet rays

  3. Microwaves

  4. Gamma rays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The power of 4 kW (4000 W) with 10^20 photons per second implies each photon has an energy of 4000/10^20 = 4 x 10^-17 Joules. Converting this to electron volts (1 eV = 1.6 x 10^-19 J), we get approximately 250 eV, which falls into the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

A wave has wavelength $50A^o$. Which of the following is a use of this wave?

  1. in detection of fracture in bones.

  2. in detection of planets

  3. in detection of water

  4. in detection of air
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

X-rays has a wavelength of $50 \mathring{A}$.
X-rays are used by doctors to see inside people. The machines are managed by a trained x-ray technician. They pass easily through soft tissues, but not so easily through bones.
Hence, they help in detecting fractures in bones.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Name the radiations of wavelength just shorter than $4\times 10^{-7}m$.

  1. Infraviolet

  2. Ultraviolet

  3. Infrared

  4. Ultrared
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The range of wavelength for visible light lies between, ${ 400 \ nm }<\lambda <{ 700 \ nm }$.

$\lambda $ just less than 400 nm is Ultraviolet.
$\lambda $ just greater than 700 nm is Infrared.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Name the radiation which can be detected by a thermophile.

  1. infrared radiation

  2. ultraviolet radiation

  3. X-rays

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A thermophile (or thermopile) is a device used to measure thermal radiation, which is primarily infrared radiation. It works by converting thermal energy into electrical energy.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Name the rays or waves used for taking photographs in dark.

  1. Infrared rays

  2. Ultraviolet rays

  3. X-rays

  4. Gamma rays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Photographers use film that is sensitive to infrared rays to take pictures in places where there is no visible light. 
IR light is longer in wavelength than visible light and focuses differently. Regular photographic lenses are made for visible light photography without any regard to what happens when photographing out of band light like IR. Therefore each lens design and focal length, even each focal length within a zoom lens will focus IR light differently.
Hence, infrared light is used for taking pictures in the dark.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Name the rays or waves produced by the changes in the nucleus of an atom.

  1. X-rays

  2. UV rays

  3. Gamma rays

  4. IR rays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gamma rays are classically produced by the decay of atomic nuclei as they transition from a high energy state to a lower state known as gamma decay, but may also be produced by other processes. Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in $1900$, while studying radiation emitted from radium. Villard's radiation was named "gamma rays" by Ernest Rutherford in $1903$.
Hence,  the rays or waves produced by the changes in the nucleus of an atom is Gamma rays.