Tag: properties and uses of different radiation

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Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

A potential difference of 0.1kV is applied across an X-ray tube. The ratio of the de-Broglie wave lengths of incident electron, striking the target to the shortest wavelength of X-rays produced nearly (e/m of electron= $1.8\times 10^{11}C/kg$) ?

  1. 1:1

  2. 1:10

  3. 1:100

  4. 1:1000
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The de-Broglie wavelength of an electron is lambda = h / sqrt(2meV). The shortest X-ray wavelength is lambda_min = hc / eV. The ratio lambda / lambda_min = (h / sqrt(2meV)) * (eV / hc) = sqrt(eV / 2mc^2). Plugging in values leads to approximately 1:1000.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Infrared radiation was discovered in 1860  by

  1. William Wallaston

  2. William Herschel

  3. William Roentgen

  4. Thomas Young
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Herschel was testing filters for the sun so he could observe sun spots. When using a red filter he found there was a lot of heat produced. Herschel discovered infrared radiation in sunlight by passing it through a prism and holding a thermometer just beyond the red end of the visible spectrum.This thermometer was meant to be a control to measure the ambient air temperature in the room. He was shocked when it showed a higher temperature than the visible spectrum. Further experimentation led to Herschel's conclusion that there must be an invisible form of light beyond the visible spectrum.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Which wavelength of harmful UV-radiations is prevented by ozone layer in entering the Earth atmosphere?

  1. $210-300nm$

  2. $200-310nm$

  3. $120-210nm$

  4. $400-700nm$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The ozone layer primarily absorbs UVC radiation (100-280 nm) and some UVB. The range 120-210 nm falls within the UVC spectrum, which is effectively blocked by the atmosphere.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

A wave has a wavelength of $0.01A^o$. Name the wave:

  1. X rays

  2. Micro waves

  3. Gamma waves

  4. Radio waves
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Electromagnetic radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave. These types include, in order of increasing frequency, radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays.
The frequency is the inverse of wavelength. Hence, in the order of increasing wavelength, the waves are Gamma rays ($<1nm$), X-rays ($1-{ 10 }nm$), infra red rays ($700-{ 10 }^{ 5 }nm$), micro waves (${ 10 }^{ 5 }-{ 10 }^{ 8 }nm$), radio waves (${ >10 }^{ 8 }nm$).
Therefore, gamma rays has a wavelength of $0.01 \mathring{A}$.

Multiple choice physics electromagnetic waves properties and uses of different radiation electromagnetic spectrum spectrum

Name the high energetic invisible electromagnetic wave which helps in the study of structure of crystals.

  1. $X$-rays

  2. Cathod rays

  3. Gamma rays

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The electromagnetic wave which helps in the study of structure of crystals is X-rays.
If a beam of x rays is passed through a crystal, it makes a pattern on a photographic plate. The pattern is called crystallogram (the arrangement of the atoms each crystal has its own crystallogram). It reveals the crystal`s internal structure.