Tag: britain: union and conflict

• James II became King of England and Scotland in 1685 after the death of Charles II.
  
• James II allowed the Scots to remain independent by allowing them to keep their own Parliament and kirk.
  
• The Glorious Revolution of 1688 was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III, Prince of Orange, who was James's nephew and son-in-law.

After the Acts of Union were passed in 1707, 16 Scottish Lords and 45 Scottish MPs entered the British Parliament in London.
Thus, option C is correct.

Charles I was executed by the British Parliament in 1649 after the Scottish and the Royalist forces were defeated at the Battle of Preston in 1648. After his execution, the Scots decided to crown Prince Charles, the son of Charles I, as King of Scotland. 
Thus, option A is correct. 

In 1660, the monarchy was restored and Charles II became the King of England, Scotland and Ireland until his death in 1685. 

English king, King William III, was known as William of Orange because he was the sovereign Prince of Orange in the Netherlands. He had replaced James II as King of England in 1688.
Thus, option D is correct.  

The unification of 1707 happened because of religion and a desire for peace and trade between Scotland and England. 

Option A is INCORRECT because the Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 at Worcester, England, and was the final battle of the English Civil War. Oliver Cromwell's Parliamentarian New Model Army, 28,000 strong, defeated King Charles II's 16,000 Royalists, of whom the vast majority were Scottish.

Option B is INCORRECT because the Battle of Waterloo was fought in June 1815 near Waterloo in present-day Belgium then part of the United Kingdom of Netherlands. A French Army under Napoleon Bonaparte was defeated by two of the armies of the Seventh Coalition: a British-led Allied army and a Prussian army.  

Option C is CORRECT because the Battle of Preston (August 1648), fought largely near Preston in Lancashire, resulted in a victory for the New Model Army under the command of Oliver Cromwell over the Royalists and Scots commanded by the Duke of Hamilton.

Option D is INCORRECT because the Battle of Hastings was fought in 1066 between the Norman-French army of William, the Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman conquest of England.

After the Acts of Union were passed in 1707, 45 Scottish MPs and 16 Scottish Lords entered Parliament in London. 
Thus, option D is correct. 

Option A is CORRECT because, after the Glorious Revolution of 1688, William III was aware that some Highland Scottish Clans still supported the old king, James II. 

Options B, C and D are INCORRECT because only some Highland Scottish Clans supported King James II.  

King James II was removed during the Glorious Revolution in England in 1688. After the Revolution, James II was replaced by William III who was invited by the English Parliament to become the new King. 
Thus, option C is correct.