Tag: testes and ovary

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Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which part of the brain regulates the body temperature, hunger and water balance?

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Infundibulum

  3. Medulla oblongata

  4. Pons veroli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is a mass of grey matter present at the base of the cerebrum. The centre for thirst and drinking regulation is present in lateral hypothalamus while that for hunger and satiety is present in the arcuate nucleus, ventral nucleus and lateral hypothalamic area. The anterior hypothalamic region regulates body temperature.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which one of the following pair correctly matches a hormone with a disease resulting from its deficiency?

  1. Insulin- Diabetes insipidus

  2. Thyroxine- Tetany

  3. Parathyroid hormone- Diabetes mellitus

  4. Luteinizing hormone- Failure of ovulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Undersecretion of insulin causes diabetes mellitus type I while myxedema is caused by thyroxine deficiency in adults. Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormone causes increased excitability of muscles and their sustained contraction referred to as parathyroid tetany. Luteinizing hormone deficiency causes failure of ovulation as LH surge during midcycle stimulates rupture of Graffian follicle. 

So, the correct answer is option 'Luteinizing hormone- Failure of ovulation'.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Puberty may appear due to 

  1. Stimulation of adrenal cortex

  2. Stimulation of adrenal medulla

  3. Secretions from pituitary gland

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Puberty begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage in life in which a child develops secondary sex characteristics as his or her hormonal balance shifts strongly towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development. The testes release testosterone and the ovaries release estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which part of brain is supposed to be damaged if in an accident, a person lose control of water balance, hunger and body temperature?

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Medula oblongata

  4. Corpora quadrigemina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is the control centre for many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system. Connections with structures of the endocrine and nervous systems enable the hypothalamus to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. The hormones produced by this area of the brain govern body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, circadian rhythm, moods, sex drive, and the release of other hormones in the body. Hence, if hypothalamus is damaged in an accident, control of water balance, hunger and body temperature will be lost. 

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Secretion of estrogen is controlled by 

  1. HCG

  2. Progesterone

  3. LH

  4. FSH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The synthesis and secretion of estrogen is stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which is, in turn, controlled by the hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

If ovaries from a pregnant woman are removed in 4$^{th}$ month of pregnency, then

  1. Development of embryo becomes abnormal

  2. Abortion occurs after some time

  3. Embryo develops normally till birth

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Trophoblast refers to outer cells of a blastocyst that serve in placenta formation in the beginning of the second trimester. It secretes human chorionic gonadotropin that ensures persistence of the corpus luteum. The later serves to secrete ovarian hormone estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin that are required to maintain pregnancy. Hence, removal of ovaries after 4th month would not affect the pregnancy. The correct answer is C.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Immediate cause of induction of ovulation in human female, is surge of

  1. Progesterone

  2. LH

  3. FSH

  4. Estradiol
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

FSH is primarily involved in stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, while LH induces ovulation. At ovulation, the ovum or egg is released and the ruptured follicle is transformed into a corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone as its main product. 

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Leydig cells are meant for 

  1. Formation of sperm

  2. Production of progesterone

  3. Production of testosterone

  4. Nutrition of sperm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH). 

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Ovulation in mammals occurs mainly under the influence of 

  1. TSH and ACTH

  2. FSH and LH

  3. TSH and STH

  4. MTH and ACTH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is secreted by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. 

FSH initiates follicular growth and the secretion of estrogens by the growth follicles. 
LH stimulates the further development of ovarian follicles and their full secretion of estrogens, brings about ovulation, promotes the formation of the corpus luteum and stimulates the production of estrogens, progesterone, relaxin and inhibin by the corpus luteum.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Progesterone hormone is secreted from 

  1. Placenta

  2. Corpus luteum

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The corpus luteum in the ovaries is the major site of progesterone production in humans, progesterone is also produced in smaller quantities by the ovaries themselves, the adrenal glands and, during pregnancy, the placenta.