Tag: nuclear reactions

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Questions Related to nuclear reactions

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

Katen was studying nuclear physics. There, he collected values of binding energies of $ _{1}{H}^{2},   _{2}{He}^{4},   _{26}{Fe}^{56}$ and $ _{92}{U}^{235}$ and they are $2.22  MeV,  28.3  MeV,  492  MeV$ and $1786  MeV$ respectively. Then, he got a doubt that stability of the nucleus depends on its binding energy, which among the above four is the most stable nucleus?

  1. ${He} _{2}^{4}$
  2. ${U} _{92}^{235}$
  3. $ _{1}{H}^{2}$
  4. $ _{26}{Fe}^{56}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Stability of nucleus $\alpha$ $\cfrac{Binding\;Energy}{Atomic\;mass}$
So, ${ _{ 1 }{ H }^{ 2 } }\rightarrow \cfrac { 2.22 }{ 2 } =1.11,\quad { _{ 2 }{ He }^{ 4 } }\rightarrow \cfrac { 28.3 }{ 4 } =7.075\\ { _{ 26 }{ Fe }^{ 56 } }\rightarrow \cfrac { 492 }{ 56 } =8.7,\quad { _{ 92 }{ U }^{ 235 } }\rightarrow \cfrac { 1786 }{ 235 } =7.6$
So, ${ _{ 26 }{ Fe }^{ 56 } }$ is stable among all four.
Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

In the nuclear reaction, there is a conservation of ______.

  1. momentum

  2. mass

  3. energy

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In a nuclear reaction, there may be conversion of some mass into energy. So,both mass and energy are not conserved. It is the momentum which is conserved.a

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

The difference between a nuclear reactor and an atomic bomb is that

  1. no chain reaction takes place in nuclear reactor while in the atomic bomb there is a chain reaction

  2. the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled

  3. the chain reaction in nuclear reactor is not controlled

  4. no-chain reaction takes place in atomic bomb while it takes place in nuclear reactor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The chain reaction in nuclear reactor is controlled 

Both in nuclear reactor and atomic bomb nuclear fission takes place. But in nuclear reactor controlled fission chain reaction takes place while in atomic bomb chain reaction is uncontrolled. 

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

The energy equivalent of $1\ amu$ is

  1. $931\ eV$
  2. $93.1\ V$
  3. $931\ MeV$
  4. $9.31\ MeV$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$1\ amu =1.66\times 10^{-27} kg$


According to Einstein's mass energy equivalence, $E=mc^2$ where $c=$ velocity of light. 

So, $E=1.66\times 10^{-27}\times (3\times 10^8)^2=14.94\times 10^{-11} J$

$E=\dfrac{14.94\times 10^{-11}}{1.6\times 10^{-19}} eV$       where $1eV=1.6\times 10^{-19} J$

$E=931\times 10^{6} eV=931\ MeV$

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

The binding energy per nucleon of $^{16}O$ is $7.97MeV$ and that of $^{17}O$ is $7.75MeV$. The energy in MeV required to remove a neutron from $^{17}O$ is:

  1. $3.52$
  2. $3.64$
  3. $4.23$
  4. $7.86$
  5. $1.68$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

BE per nucleon $^{16}O=7.97MeV$
BE per nucleon $^{17}O=7.75MeV$
$^{17}O\rightarrow { _0n^1}+{^{16}O}$
Energy required to remove neutron
$=17\times 7.75-16\times 7.97$
$=4.23MeV$.

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

The mass defect of a certain nucleus is found to be $0.03$ amu. Its binding energy is:

  1. $27.93$ eV
  2. $27.93$ keV
  3. $27.93$ MeV
  4. $27.93$ GeV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Mass defect  $\Delta M = 0.03$ amu
Binding energy  $E _{B} = \Delta Mc^2 = \Delta M\times 931.5 $  MeV
$\therefore \ E _{B} = 0.03\times 931.5$ MeV $ =27.93 $ MeV

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

Consider the following statements
(i)All isotopes of an element have the same number of neutrons
(ii)Only one isotope of an element can be stable and non -radioactive
(iii)All elements have isotopes  
(iv)All isotopes of Carbon can form chemical compounds with Oxygen -16
The correct option regarding an isotope is 

  1. (iii) and (iv) only

  2. (ii),(iii) and (iii) only

  3. (i),(ii) and (iii) only

  4. (i),(iii) and (iv) only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A

Isotopes are atoms of the same element having the same numbers of protons and different numbers of neutrons. All elements have isotope. Also all isotope of carbon can form chemical compounds with oxygen - 16.

Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

Higher the mass defect, higher will be the stability of the nucleus.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Amount of energy required to break the nucleus is known as binding energy of the nucleus.
It depends upon mass defect.
Greater  the mass defect, greater will be the binding energy
Stable nuclei have high binding energies
Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

1 u is equivalent to an energy of

  1. 9.315 MeV

  2. 931.5 KeV

  3. 93.15 MeV

  4. 931.5 MeV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
According to Einstein mass energy equivalence is represented by
$E=m{ c }^{ 2 }$
Taking $m=1a.m.u$
$=1.66\times { 10 }^{ -27 }㎏$
and $c=3\times { 10 }^{ 8 }㎧$
We get, $E=1.66\times { 10 }^{ -27 }\times { \left( 3\times { 10 }^{ 8 } \right)  }^{ 2 }J$
$=1.49\times { 10 }^{ -10 }J$
As $1MeV=1.6\times { 10 }^{ -13 }J$
$\therefore E=\cfrac { 1.49\times { 10 }^{ -10 } }{ 1.6\times { 10 }^{ -13 } } $
$E=931.25MeV$
Hence,$1a.m.u.=931.25MeV$
Multiple choice nuclear reactions nuclear structure nuclei atomic nuclei physics

The mass equivalent of 931.5 MeV energy is

  1. $1.66 \times 10^{-27} kg $
  2. $6.02 \times 10^{-24}kg$
  3. $1.66 \times 10^{-20} kg$
  4. $6.02 \times 10^{-27} kg$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
According to Einstein, mass energy equivalence is represented by
$E=m{ C }^{ 2 }$
Taking $m=1a.m.u$
$=1.66\times { 10 }^{ -27 }㎏$
and $C=3\times { 10 }^{ 8 }㎧$
We get $E=1.66\times { 10 }^{ -27 }\times { (3\times { 10 }^{ 8 }) }^{ 2 }J$
$=1.49\times { 10 }^{ -10 }J$
As $1MeV=1.6\times { 10 }^{ -13 }J$
$\therefore E=\cfrac { 1.49\times { 10 }^{ -10 } }{ 1.6\times { 10 }^{ -13 } } $
$E=931.25MeV$
Hence the mass equivalent of $931.25MeV$ energy is $1.66\times { 10 }^{ -27 }㎏$