Tag: control of blood glucose
Questions Related to control of blood glucose
Androgens are secreted by
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Pituitary
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Testes
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Ovaries
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Thyroid
Androgens are a group of hormones, that primarily influence the growth and development of the male reproductive system. The predominant and most active androgen is testosterone, which is produced by the male testes. The other androgens, which support the functions of testosterone, are produced mainly by the adrenal cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal glands and only in relatively small quantities.
Which hormone is produced by placenta?
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GH
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Gastrin
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ACTH
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Progesterone
The placenta connects the developing foetus to the wall of the mother’s uterus during pregnancy.
The placenta produces two steroid hormones - oestrogen and progesterone. Progesterone acts to maintain pregnancy by supporting the lining of the uterus which provides the environment for the foetus and the placenta to grow. It prevents the shedding of this lining which would result in pregnancy loss. It also suppresses the uterine wall’s ability to contract, which is important in preventing labour from occurring before the end of pregnancy. Hence option D is correct.
LH and FSH are collectively called as
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Oxytocin
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Somatotropin
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Luteotrophin
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Gonadotropin
LH and FSH are collectively called as gonadotropin. They are called the gonadotropins as they stimulate gonadal activity. The anterior pituitary (pars distalis) releases following gonadotrophic hormones:
- Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) : In males, FSH regulates spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) and in females, FSH stimulates growth and development of ovarian follicles and secretion of estrogen hormone.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) : In males, LH is also
called ICSH (interstitial cell stimulating hormone) which stimulates testes to
synthesise and secrete androgens (testosterone). It activates Leydig cells of
the testes to secrete testosterone. In females, LH stimulates the ovulation of
the fully matured Graafian follicles and also maintains the corpus luteum,
formed from the remnants of Graafian follicles after ovulation. The corpus
luteum secretes progesterone and some estrogen under the action of LH.
Spermatogenesis is influenced by
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Progesterone
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FSH
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STH
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LTH
Spermatogenesis depends on the action of the FSH and LH hormone of the hypophysis on the testicular cells. LH acts on the interstitial cells, stimulating the production of testosterone necessary for the normal development of spermatogenic cells. FSH acts on the sertoli cells, stimulating adenylate cyclase and consequently increasing the presence of cAMP; it also promotes the synthesis and secretion of androgen-binding protein. This protein combines with testosterone and transports it into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.
ACTH is secreted by
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Thyroid gland
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Thymus gland
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Pituitary gland
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Islets of Langerhans
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin, is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in response to biological stress. Its principal effects are increased production and release of corticosteroids.
Gonadotropic hormones are
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Estrogen and progesterone
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Luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone
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Testosterone and androsterone
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Prolactin and luteotropin
Gonadotropins (or glycoprotein hormones) are protein hormones secreted by gonadotropes of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates. It includes the mammalian hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), placental chorionic gonadotropins hCG and chorionic gonadotropin.
Growth hormone is secreted by
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Acidophilic cells
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Acidotrophic cells
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Basophilic cells
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Neurotrophic cells
The acidophils are the somatotropic cells and the lactotrophic cells. Thus, growth hormone and prolactin are secreted by acidophilic cells. In the anterior pituitary, the term acidophil is used to describe two different types of cells: somatotrophs, which generate somatotropin (also known as growth hormone) and mammotrophs, which generate prolactin.
Which of the following glands is concerned with salt equilibrium in body?
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Anterior pituitary
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Pancreas
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Adrenal
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Thyroid
The adrenal glands are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol. Adrenal glands are concerned with salt equilibrium in the body.
Growth hormone is produced in
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Pituitary
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Adrenal gland
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Thyroid gland
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Gonads
The growth process begins in the hypothalamus. When the hypothalamus releases growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), the anterior pituitary is stimulated to release growth hormone (GH). Growth hormone then acts on the liver and other tissues and stimulates them to secrete insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 directly promotes the development of bone and muscle, causing bones to grow in length, and muscles to increase protein synthesis.
The hormones, that maintains the secretory activity of the corpus luteum and increase in the size of the mammary glands are
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Estrogen
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Luteinizing
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Luteotrophin
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Gonadotrophin
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Both B and C
Prolactin is a peptide gonadotrophic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland; it stimulates growth of the mammary glands. Progesterone, secreted from the corpus luteum, prolongs the secretion of prolactin. Luteinizing hormone is a hormone produced by gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland. In females, an acute rise of LH triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum.