Tag: common modes of vegetative propagation

Questions Related to common modes of vegetative propagation

In a grafted plant, stock has $48$ chromosomes while scion has $24$ chromosomes. The chromosome number for root cells and eggs are.

botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $48$ and $24$

  2. $24$ and $24$

  3. $24$ and $12$

  4. $48$ and $12$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The stock is the plant part containing strong root system and sicon is the plant part which contains better fruit and fruit yield. In root cells, the chromosome number remains constant, reduced half in egg cell. So the chromosome number for root cells are 48 and eggs are 12.

So the correct option is '48 and 12'.

The technique of rapid vegetative propagation of plants of agricultural and horticultural value involving cell and tissue culture is popularly known as micropropagation.

botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Tissue culture is also called Micropropagation.  it  is a type of vegetative propagation for producing a large number of genetically superior and pathogen-free transplants in a limited time and space. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods. Micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant which does not produce seeds, or does not respond well to vegetative reproduction.

So the given statement is true.

Induction of rooting in stem cutting would be most beneficial in

botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Marchantia

  2. Wheat

  3. Cuscuta

  4. Bougainvillea

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Auxin is a plant hormone that is involved in various growth and developmental processes of plant. It stimulates the induction of rooting in stem cuttings. Bougainvillea plants are primarily propagated by stem cuttings. Hence, induction of rooting in stem cutting would be most beneficial in Bougainvillea.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Which of the following is not an example of the artificial propagation?

botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Fragmentation- the separation of plant parts to develop into whole plants

  2. Grafting- the attachment of a scion onto a stock plant that provides a root system

  3. Apomixis- the asexual reproduction of seeds

  4. Production of fruit without fertilization in parthenocarpic plants

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Artificial reproduction/propagation is the creation of a new life by other than the natural means available to an organism. The process of growing many plants from one plant by man-made methods is called artificial propagation of plants. A number of methods of artificial propagation of plants are used in agriculture.

Fragmentation- Fragmentation in multicellular organisms is a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism is split into fragments. Each of these fragments develops into matured, fully grown individuals that are identical to their parents.
Grafting- The cut stem of a plant having roots and fixed in the soil is called stock which is the lower part of a plant having the roots. The cut stem of another plant without is called 'scion' which is the upper part of a plant which may have left on it. The cut soon heals and the stock and scion of two plants grow together and become one plant.
Apomixis- Apomixis is defined as replacement of the normal sexual reproduction by asexual reproduction, without fertilization. Replacement of the seed by a plantlet or replacement of the flower by bulbils is categorized as types of apomixis.
Parthenocarpic plants: Parthenocarpy is the natural or artificially induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules, which makes the fruit seedless. Parthenocarpy occasionally occurs as a mutation in nature.
So the correct option is 'production of fruit without fertilization in parthenocarpic plants'.

To obtain seedless watermelon, which among the following method is followed?

botany plant breeding common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production tissue culture

  1. Apomixis

  2. Somatic hybridization

  3. Organogenesis

  4. Micropropagation

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Isolated protoplasts from two different varieties of plants – each having a desirable character – can be fused to get hybrid protoplasts, which can be further grown to form a new plant. These hybrids are called somatic hybrids while the process is called somatic hybridization.
  • Protoplasts are used to produce variations in the morphology of leaves and flowers, ability/potential of the growth of the embryo, and enhancement of disease resistance in plants.
  • To obtain seedless watermelon, somatic hybridization methods are followed.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Somatic hybridization'.

Which of the following techniques are involved in the production of plant hybrids?

botany plant breeding common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production tissue culture

  1. Cybridisation

  2. tissue culture

  3. Emasculation

  4. Both A and C

Show answer
Correct Option: D

The term 'totipotency' refers to the capacity of a 

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. cell to generate whole plant

  2. bud to generate whole plant

  3. seed to germinate

  4. cell to enlarge in size

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The capacity to generate a whole new plant from any cell is called totipotency. That whole plant could be regenerated from explants ( any part of plant that taken out and grown under sterile conditions in a special nutritive media). 

So, the correct option is 'Option A' .

Micropropagation involves ____________________.

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Vegetative multiplication of plants by using microorganisms

  2. Vegetative multiplication of plants by using small explants

  3. Vegetative multiplication of plants by using micro-spores

  4. Non-vegetative multiplication of plants by using microspores and megaspores

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Micropropagation is the tissue culture technique used for rapid vegetative multiplication of ornamental plants and fruit trees by using small sized explants.

Which of the following should be used as an explant to generate a disease free plant?

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. Anther

  2. Ovary cell

  3. Shoot tip

  4. Young embryo

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Which of the following problem does the frequent deep sea diver organism like whales may face?

botany tissue culture common modes of vegetative propagation plant breeding for food production plant tissue culture

  1. compression of tissue surrounding air filled cavities.

  2. High blood nitrogen levels

  3. Lack of oxygen

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Diving to depth can result in mechanical distortion and tissue compression, especially in gas-filled spaces of the body. Absorption of nitrogen into blood can cause high blood nitrogen levels which can exert amniotic effect. Lungs of the deep-diver cannot serve as a source of oxygen during the dive.