Tag: bacteria; benefits and harmful effects

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Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Bacteria are-

  1. Aerobic

  2. Non-aerobic

  3. Aerobic and non aerobic both

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bacteria exhibit diverse metabolic types regarding oxygen requirements. They include strictly aerobic, strictly anaerobic, facultative anaerobic, and microaerophilic forms, encompassing both aerobic and non-aerobic categories.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Select the wrong statements.
A. Pyruvic acid decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase catalyse fermentation.
B. $NADH+H^+$ is reoxidised to $NAD^+$ in alcohol and lactic acid fermentation.
C. Yeasts poison themselves to death when the concentration of alcohol reaches about $31$ percent.
D. Prolonged fermentation results greater alcohol contents in alcohol beverages.

  1. C and D

  2. A and B

  3. B and C

  4. A and D
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yeast cells are typically killed by alcohol concentrations around 12-14 percent, not 31 percent. Prolonged fermentation does not indefinitely increase alcohol content because the yeast dies.

Multiple choice botany the world of microbes bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Bacterial genome consist of 

  1. Circular, ssRNA

  2. Circular, dsDNA

  3. Linear, triple stranded DNA

  4. zig-zag DNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bacterial genome as that of a bacteria E.coli consists of Double-stranded DNA (ds DNA) which is circular which means it doesn't have ends like eukaryotic chromosomes. E.coli consists of 4.6 x 10$^6$ base pairs(bp).

So, the correct answer is 'Circular, dsDNA'.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

The meiospores of yeast are nonmotile and called?

  1. Aeciospores

  2. Aplanospores

  3. Ascospores

  4. Basidispores
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In ascomycetes fungi, which include yeasts, sexual spores are produced endogenously inside a sac called an ascus and are known as ascospores. These spores are nonmotile.

Multiple choice botany the world of microbes bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Which of the following microtubule arrangement is absent in the kinetosome of eukaryotic flagella?

  1. 9+0

  2. 9+2

  3. Both of the above

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Eukaryotic cilia and flagella have similar organization-
  • They possess a central bundle of microtubules called the axoneme which contain nine outer doublet microtubules surrounded by a central pair of singlet microtubules.
  • This characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules is seen when the axoneme of eukaryotic flagella.
  • The correct answer is OPTION B.
Multiple choice botany the world of microbes bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

The bacterial cell wall is made up of 

  1. Cellulose

  2. Hemicellulose

  3. Cellulose and hemicellulose

  4. Peptidoglycan

  5. Glycogen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peptidoglycans (or mucopeptide or glycopeptide or murein) are the structural elements of almost all bacterial cell walls. They constitute as much as 95% of the cell wall in some Gram positive bacteria to as little as 5 to 10% in Gram negative bacteria. Peptidoglycans are made up of a polysaccharide backbone consisting of alternating muramic acid and glucose amine residues in equal amounts.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Match the contents of Column-I with of Column-II.

Colum-I Column-II
A Monascus purpurens i Statins
B Aspergillus niger ii Cyclosporin-A
C Trichoderma polysporum iii Citric acid

  1. A-i, B-ii, C-iii

  2. A-i, B-iii, C-ii

  3. A-iii, B-i, C-ii

  4. A-ii, B-i, C-iii
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Monascus purpureus produces statins which act as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. Aspergillus niger produces citric acid, and Trichoderma polysporum produces cyclosporin-A used as an immunosuppressive agent.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

The bacteria which lacks flagella and moves by gliding are included in?

  1. Spirochetes

  2. Rickettsia

  3. Myxobacteria

  4. Eubacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Myxobacteria are a group of bacteria that typically lack flagella and move by gliding over surfaces, often forming complex multicellular fruiting bodies. Spirochetes move via axial filaments, and eubacteria frequently possess flagella.

Multiple choice botany bacteria bacteria - introduction, shape and structure bacteria: types and structure bacteria; benefits and harmful effects non cellular organism : virus world of virus

Bacteroides are?

  1. Enlarged non-motile cellular bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum in root nodules of legumes

  2. A bacterial cell infected with viruses

  3. A motile bacterium

  4. Nitrosomonas bacteria in soil
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bacteroids are the differentiated, non-motile form of Rhizobium bacteria found within the root nodules of legumes, where they fix nitrogen.