Tag: immune system of the body

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Questions Related to immune system of the body

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Toxoid is included in which of the following?

  1. Natural active aquired immunity

  2. Natural passive aquired immunity

  3. Artificial active aquired immunity

  4. Artificial passive aquired immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Toxoid is a type of vaccines obtained from the toxin and are inactivated and made harmless by chemical or heat treatment. Eg- tetanus toxoid is obtained by Clostridium tetani. These vaccines provide artificial active acquired immunity. So, the correct answer is 'Artificial active acquired immunity'.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorized as

  1. Active immunity

  2. Passive immunity

  3. Cellular immunity

  4. Innate non-specific immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Short-lived immunity acquired from mothers to foetus across placenta or through mother's milk to the infant is categorized as passive immunity. In passive immunity there is transfer of preformed antibodies in host to a recipient. In this case, the resistance is passively transferred from the mother to the foetus through placenta or through mother's milk. So, the correct answer is 'Passive immunity'.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Passive immunity is defined as immunity

  1. Inherited from the parents

  2. Achieved through vaccination

  3. Acquired through first exposure to the disease

  4. Achieved through the serum of other animals enrich with antibodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Passive immunity is the transfer of active humoral immunity in the form of ready-made antibodies, from one individual to another. Passive immunity can occur naturally when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta and can also be induced artificially when high levels of human (or horse) antibodies specific for a pathogen or toxin are transferred to non-immune individuals. Passive immunization is used when there is a high risk of infection and insufficient time for the body to develop its own immune response, or to reduce the symptoms of ongoing or immunosuppressive diseases.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Immunity of vaccination lasts throughtout life of which of the following?

  1. Mumps vaccine

  2. Measles vaccine

  3. Small pox vaccine

  4. Cholera vaccine

  5. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Live, attenuated vaccines contain a living microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it cannot cause disease. Because a live, attenuated vaccine is the closest thing to a natural infection, these vaccines elicit strong cellular and antibody responses and often confer lifelong immunity with only one or two doses. Vaccines against measles, mumps, and chickenpox, for example, are made by this method. 

So, the correct answer is option E.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Vaccination develops

  1. Natural immunity

  2. Acquired immunity

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A vaccine is the killed or live suspension of microorganism which helps to activate the immune response. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as a threat, destroy it and keep a record of it so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

A non-specific immunity is

  1. Passive immunity

  2. Active immunity

  3. Auto immunity

  4. Innate immunity
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Innate immunity refers to non-specific defense mechanisms that are present in the human body by birth to protect against the antigen. These mechanisms include physical barriers such as skin, chemicals in the blood and immune system cells that attack foreign cells in the body.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Antigen-presenting cells communicate with effector cells of the immune system. Select the correct statement.

  1. Direct cell membrane- to- membrane contact

  2. Quorum sensing

  3. Release of highly specific steroidal hormones

  4. Release of neurotransmitter-like substances

  5. Induction of rapid ion flow through the membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Answer is option A i.e. "Direct cell membrane- to- membrane contact"
Antigen-presenting cells (APC) are immune system cells that present antigens on the cell surface which then communicate with appropriate T cell receptors by membrane-to-membrane contact. Antigen-presenting cells are involved in both the innate and adaptive immune responses.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Identify the incorrect statement about antibodies.

  1. Antibodies are produced by different combinations of soluble proteins in the blood called complement.

  2. When antibodies bind to a bacterial cell, it may keep that cell from adhering to host cells.

  3. The specific receptors on T cells that would interact with a specific antigen are the same shape as antibodies that will interact with that antigen.

  4. By binding to antigens, antibodies mark those antigens for destruction by macrophages.

  5. By binding to an invader, antibodies attract proteins that lyse the target membrane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Antibodies are produced by different combinations of soluble proteins in the blood called complement. These are produced by specialized white blood cells called B lymphocytes (or B cells). When an antigen binds to the B-cell surface, it stimulates the B cell to divide and mature into a group of identical cells called a clone.
Antibodies recognize specific antigens by identifying certain areas on the surface of the antigen known as antigenic determinants. Once the specific antigenic determinant is recognized, the antibody will bind to the determinant. The antigen is tagged as an intruder and labeled for destruction by other immune cells.
So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

The antibody production in the body is due to

  1. B cell

  2. Fibrinogen

  3. Pathogen

  4. Phagocyte

  5. T cell
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Antigens are proteins that are found on the surface of the pathogen and are unique to that pathogen. Pathogen induces the immune system when enters the body and produces antibodies against it. A type of white blood cell called a lymphocyte recognizes the pathogen as being foreign and produces antibodies that are specific to that pathogen or antigen. Each antibody has a unique binding site shape which locks onto the specific shape of the antigen. The antibodies destroy the antigen (pathogen) which is then engulfed and digested by macrophages.
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice zoology aids to health immunity and the lines of immunity immune system of the body immunity and blood groups

Which of the following is not a natural way of destroying bacterial infection?

  1. Antibodies produced in the body.

  2. Production of HCl in the stomach.

  3. Antibiotics taken orally or by injection.

  4. Phagocytosis by WBCs.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The natural way of destroying the bacterial infection is the production of the antibodies by the plasma B-cells in the body. The production of HCl also kills the harmful bacteria. The WBCs are the cells which can phagocyte and destroy the bacterial cells.

The intake of antibiotics is not the natural way.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.