Tag: employment - trends and structure

Questions Related to employment - trends and structure

The gratuity of generally payable in _______________.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Cash

  2. By demand draft

  3. By cheque

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Which of the following is false?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Self-employed and casual wage labourers are found more in rural areas than in urban areas

  2. Men are engaged in salaried employment in greater proportion than women

  3. Casual wage work engages the least workforce

  4. Salaried employment engages the least workforce

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
When we compare the distribution of workforce in rural and urban areas we notice that the self-employed and casual wage labourers account for a total of 93% of the workforce in rural areas as compared to 60% in urban areas.
When it comes to regular salaried employment, men are found to be so engaged in greater proportion. They form 18 per cent whereas women form only 8 per cent of the workforce.
Casual wage labourers account for 33 per cent of India’s workforce. Regular salaried employees form 15% of the workforce, which is the least.

Why is worker-population ratio in urban areas low?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Urban people have a variety of employment opportunities

  2. They look for the appropriate job to suit their qualifications and skills

  3. In urban areas, a considerable section is able to study in various educational institutions

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
In urban areas, the worker-population ratio is about 34 whereas in rural India, the ratio is about 42. It is because in urban areas, a considerable section is able to study in various educational institutions. Urban people have a variety of employment opportunities. They look for the appropriate job to suit their qualifications and skills.

The difference in participation rates of male and female is _______ in urban areas than in rural areas.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. higher

  2. lower

  3. both a and b

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Compared to females, more males are found to be working. The difference in participation rates is very large in urban areas: for every 100 urban females, only about 14 are engaged in some economic activities. In rural areas, for very 100 rural women about 30 participate in the employment market.

Majority of the workforce in India are  _____.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Casual workers

  2. Salaried employees

  3. Self-employed

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Workers who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as self employed. More than half the workforce in India belongs to this category.
Casual wage labourers account for 33 per cent of India’s workforce whereas regular salaried employees account for 15 per cent of India’s workforce.

Why is worker-population ratio higher in rural areas than that in urban areas?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. People in rural areas have limited resources to earn a higher income and participate more in the employment market

  2. People in rural areas discontinue education in the middle to join the workforce due poor financial conditions

  3. Rural people have a variety of employment opportunities

  4. Rural people look for the appropriate job to suit their qualifications and skills

Show answer
Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:
People in rural areas have limited resources to earn a higher income and participate more in the employment market. Many do not go to schools, colleges and other training institutions. Even if some go, they discontinue in the middle to join the workforce. 
Urban people have a variety of employment opportunities. They look for the  appropriate job to suit their qualifications and skills. In rural areas, people cannot stay at home as their economic condition may not allow them to do so.

Workers who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as ________.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. employers

  2. self-employed

  3. wage labourers

  4. owners

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Workers who own and operate an enterprise to earn their livelihood are known as self-employed. Wage labourers are casually engaged in others’ farms and, in return, get a remuneration for the work done. Employers are the people who engage workers in their enterprise.

There are more self- employed people in rural than in urban areas because ______.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. majority of those depending on farming own plots of land and cultivate independently

  2. fewer self-employment opportunities in urban areas

  3. both A and B

  4. urban people lack the initiative

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

In urban areas, 42% of the workforce is self-employed as compared to 56% in rural areas. In rural areas, since majority of those depending on farming own plots of land and cultivate independently, the share of self-employed is greater. The nature of work in urban areas is different. Obviously everyone cannot run factories, shops and offices of various types. Moreover enterprises in urban areas require workers on a regular basis.

As per the standard person year basis if a person is working for $8$ hours a day and for ___________ days in a year he is regarded as employed.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. $280$

  2. $365$

  3. $273$

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C

Fill in the blanks from the alternatives given.
Working population is in the age group of ___ years.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. 0-14

  2. 15-59

  3. 60 and above

  4. none of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B