Tag: employment - trends and structure

Questions Related to employment - trends and structure

Worker-population ratio =

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Total number of men $\div$ (population $\times$100)

  2. (Total number of workers in India $\times$100) $\div$ Population 

  3. Total number of urban workers $\div$ (Population $\times$100)

  4. Total labour $\div$ (Population $\times$100)

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Divide the total number of workers in India by the population in India and multiply it by 100, you will get the worker-population ratio for India.

Worker-population ratio is useful in ________.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. knowing the proportion of the population that is actively contributing to the production of goods and services of a country

  2. estimating national income

  3. estimating GDP

  4. knowing the number of people employed

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Worker-population ratio is useful in knowing the proportion of population that is actively contributing to the production of goods and services of a country.  Employment situation does not help in calculating National income or GDP.

Exploitation of labour is said to exist when ________.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Wage $=$ Marginal Revenue Product

  2. Wage $<$ Marginal Revenue Product

  3. Wage $>$ Marginal Revenue Product

  4. Marginal Revenue Product $= 0$

Show answer
Correct Option: B

The supply of labour in the economy depends on which of the following?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Population

  2. National income

  3. Per capita income

  4. Natural resources

Show answer
Correct Option: A

______ is an indicator which is used for analysing the employment situation in the country.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. NNP

  2. Worker population ratio

  3. Number of workers

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Worker-population ratio is an indicator which is used for analyzing the employment situation in the country. NNP deals with national income, not employment. No. of workers is an absolute measure, which cannot be used to assess the employment situation.

The responsibility of the organization to the workers includes:
(i) The payment of fair wages
(ii) Arrangement of proper training and education of the workers
(iii) The installation of an efficient grievance handling system
(iv) Welfare of family members
(v) The provision of the best possible working conditions
Identify the correct combination:

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. (i), (ii), (iii) and (v)

  2. (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v)

  3. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

  4. (i), (iii), (iv) and (v)

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the following is true regarding employment in India?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Rural workers constitute about three-fourths of workforce

  2. Men form the majority of workforce in India

  3. Women workers account for majority of the rural workforce

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
During 1999- 2000, India had about a 400 million strong workforce.The rural workers constitute about three-fourth of this 400 million. Men form the majority of workforce in India. Women workers account for one-third of the rural workforce whereas in urban areas, they are just one-fifth of the workforce.

Which of the following doest not determine supply of labour?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Size and age-structure of population

  2. Nature of work

  3. Marginal productivity of labour

  4. Speed and Intensity of work

Show answer
Correct Option: C

An employment situation where the marginal productivity of agricultural labour is zero is known as ___________.

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. structural unemployment

  2. seasonal unemployment

  3. cyclical unemployment

  4. disguised unemployment

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A situation in which available work tasks are split among resources (typically labour) such that they seem fully employed but in reality much of their time is spent in unproductive activities is called disguised unemployment. Here the marginal productivity of labour comes to zero. When aggregate demand for goods and services in the economy falls far below its capacity, a large chunk of labour force gets employed. This is known as cyclical unemployment. While structural unemployment means the change in the demand pattern for goods necessitates change in the demand pattern for labour. But labour force cannot immediately metamorphose, matching the change in demand pattern. Due to these conditions a state of unemployment occurs that is known as structural unemployment.

Why are there lesser women in the workforce?

social science employment: growth, informalisation and other issues employment - trends and structure workers and employment sources of income

  1. Where men are able to earn high incomes, families discourage female members from taking up jobs

  2. Many activities for the household engaged in by women are not recognised as productive work

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Compared to females, more males are found to be working. This is because where men are able to earn high incomes, families discourage female members from taking up jobs. Many activities for the household engaged in by women are not recognised as productive work. This narrow definition of work leads to non-recognition of women’s work and, therefore, to the underestimation of the number of women workers in the country.