Tag: asexual modes of reproduction

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Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Select the wrong pair

  1. RNA polymerase I - Sn RNA 5S rRNA, r-RNA

  2. RNA polymerase I - r-RNA

  3. RNA polymerase II - hnRNA

  4. RNA polymerase III - tRNA
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

RNA polymerase I is responsible for transcribing rRNA (except 5S rRNA). RNA polymerase III transcribes tRNA, 5S rRNA, and snRNA. Option A is incorrect because RNA polymerase I does not transcribe snRNA or 5S rRNA.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Taq polymerase enzyme is used in

  1. Restriction mapping

  2. Gene cloning

  3. PCR

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Taq polymerase is a heat stable enzyme used in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify segments of DNA in the lab. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Which of the following would not be a valid reason to use PCR?

  1. Help in analyzing DNA of ancient remains of fossilized woolly mammoth

  2. Help in analyzing the genome of a virus

  3. Help in determining the DNA of a hair sample found at a crime scene

  4. Help in transferring DNA from a plasmid containing GFP into E.coli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Majorly the PCR is used in analyzing and determining purposes only not the transferring purposes. For transferring purpose vectors are used. In analyzing and determining purposes, the sample is limited i.e. if the sample gets destroyed no analysis can be carried out which can be a big problem in the investigation cases. So to have extra copies of the sample it is first amplified by PCR.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

DNA polymerase required for synthesizing copies of DNA at high temperature is obtained from

  1. Thermus aquaticus

  2. Cephalosporium minimum

  3. Bacillus megaterium

  4. Thermoproteus species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Thermus aquaticus is a thermophilic bacteria which survives at high temperatures. Thus it's DNA polymerase is evolved to synthesize DNA at high temperature. This DNA polymerase is commercially available as "Taq polymerase" and is used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

B. Cephalosporium minimum is a plant pathogen and are producers of antibiotic cephalosporin.
C. Bacillus megaterium is a soil bacteria whose DNA polymerase is not thermo resistant. Hence it cannot synthesize DNA at high temperatures.
D. Thermoproteus species are sulphur utilizing hyperthermophiles which grow is acidic hot springs. Such bacteria are difficult to grow in lab conditions. Although its DNA polymerase can synthesize DNA at high temperatures, due to inability to grow in lab conditions, its DNA polymerase cannot be obtained.
Hence the correct answer is 'Thermus aquaticus'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Which of the following techniques is used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately?

  1. Translation

  2. Transcription

  3. Polymerase chain reaction

  4. Ligase chain reaction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

For making numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA three steps are required

1.Denaturing
2.Annealing
3.Extending
Which is called a polymerase reaction.
So, the correct option is 'Polymerase chain reaction'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

Read the following statements carefully and select the correct option:
(A) Source of the restriction enzyme Hind III is E.coli
(B) In biolistic method of gene transfer, mircoparticles made up of gold or tungsten are coated with foreign DNA
(C) Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used for animal cell
(D) Primers are chemically synthesized oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA in PCR.
How many of the above statement are correct?

  1. Four

  2. Three

  3. Two

  4. One
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A)

Restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonuclease, is a protein that cuts DNA after recognizing a specific sequence of DNA. Hind III is a type  II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the DNA via hydrolysis.

B)

In the bolistic method of gene transfer, a gene gun is used to transfer exogenous or foreign DNA  in the cell. A droplet of tungsten powder and genetic material is a bullet. Gold is favored at the place of tungsten as it has better uniformity than tungsten and tungsten can be toxic to cells.

C) 
Micro-injection method for injecting recombinant DNA is used to produce transgenic mice. Harvested oocytes of the mouse are injected with the genetic material and then implanted in the oviduct of a pseudopregnant animal.

D)
A primer is a short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.In vitro lab techniques that use DNA polymerase, DNA. primers are used. They are usually short, chemically synthesized oligonucleotides, with a length of about twenty bases.
Therefore A, B, and D are correct statements. Answer is B.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Grafting is not successful in monocots but is successful in dicots because they have

  1. Vascular bundles arranged in a ring

  2. Cambiurti for secondary growth

  3. Vessels with elements arranged end to end

  4. Cork cambium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Grafting is not successful is monocots but is successful in dicots because monocots lack cambium tissue which forms secondary growth. The cambium possesses the ability to form secondary xylem and phloem. It is present in dicots. In case of grafting, it is very important that the plant should form primary and secondary tissue for its survival. So, it take place only in dicots.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

........... is the most convenient and cheap method of artificial vegetative propagation.

  1. Grafting

  2. Budding

  3. Cutting

  4. Micropropagation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Cutting is the most convenient and cheap method of artificial vegetative propagation because it doesn't require any skilled trained technique and it is not affected by contamination. On the other hand, the technique like grafting and budding requires skilled hand while micropropagation is highly sensitive to contamination and requires skilled hand.
Grafting is a horticulture technique where the living detached portion of the plant are used to regenerate the growth. 
Budding is a type of asexual reproduction which do not involve fusion of gametes. A new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site. The bud remains attached to the parent plant and separates after it gets mature. It leaves a scar at the point of separation. 
Cutting is a technique where the vegetative part is used for the propagation of plant. Cuttings are meristematic in nature so it can easily grow into a new plant.
Micropropagation is the process of multiplication and maintenance of genetically modified or hybrid plant. 
So, the correct answer is option C.
Multiple choice botany reproduction in angiospermic plants artificial vegetative propagation common modes of vegetative propagation vegetative propagation asexual modes of reproduction

Micropropagation production of

  1. True to type plants

  2. Haploid plants

  3. Somatic hybrids

  4. Somaclonal plants
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Micropropagation is the process of production of similar plants or clones. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant which does not produce seeds or does not respond well to vegetative reproduction. The step of micropropagation includes:
1) The plant which needs to be propagated is chosen.
2) The plant part which has to be used as an explant is chosen. It can be the pollen, leaf, stem etc of the stock plant.
3) The explant is surface sterilized.
4) Culture the explant on a nutrient media.
5) After growth of root and shoot, it undergoes hardening treatment where it is grown under temperature available on fields to prepare them for growth.
6) In the final stage of plant micropropagation, the plantlets are removed from the plant media and transferred to the soil.
So, the correct answer is option A.