Tag: moisture in atmosphere

Rainfall is measured by a precise instrument called Rain gauze. It determines the depth of precipitation that occurs over a unit area. Thus, it measures rainfall. One liter of rainfall per meter squared is equivalent to one millimeter of measured precipitation. A funneled aperture of 150-170 cm is found in standard rain gauges. They are designed as a simple passive collector. A graduated measuring glass is used for determining the amount of precipitation.

The glass tube of thermometer is filled with mercury. It is a reflective liquid. It is bright and opaque, so it’s easy to see movement of mercury inside the capillary tube and to read accurately. Mercury does not even wet the glass. So, if temperature is falling then you do not get inaccurate readings. It is also good conductor of heat. So, it responds quickly to change in temperature.

Temperature is measured based on the freezing and boiling points of water. In 1948 the Centigrade scale renamed it the "Celsius" temperature scale and most countries use the Celsius scale. Indian, and several other countries, use the Fahrenheit system of temperature measurement mainly because from the British time only Fahrenheit thermometers were available in India. It is only after the invasion of Chinese thermometers that we have flat ones that show both centigrade/ Fahrenheit scale.

Degree of the heat of our body is known as temperature. The instrument which is used to measure the temperature is known as a thermometer. Thermometers are of two types:

• Clinical thermometer and Laboratory thermometer. They have different markings, but they work in the same way.  In the thermometer, a glass tube is filled with mercury. Mercury is used to measure temperature because it changes from a solid to liquid very easily.

To measure the minimum and maximum temperature in a day, Six’s thermometer is used.  It consists of a U-shaped capillary tube having bulbs at both ends. Mercury is filled in the bend of the U-tube. One of the bulbs is completely filled with alcohol and the other bulb is partly filled with alcohol. Alcohol is the thermometric liquid in case of Six’s thermometer. Change in temperature is recorded due to expansion and contraction of alcohol.

The instrument which is used to measure the temperature is known as thermometer. Thermometers are of two types:

• Clinical thermometer and laboratory thermometer. Clinical thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of body and laboratory thermometer is used for measuring the temperature of atmosphere. They have different markings, but they work in same way.  In the thermometer, glass tube is filled with mercury. Mercury is used to measure temperature because it changes from a solid to liquid very easily.

Rain gauge can accurately measure the rainfall without any loss due to evaporation. It is an instrument used for determining the depth of precipitation that occurs over a unit area. Thus, it measures rainfall. One litre of rainfall per meter squared is equivalent to one millimeter of measured precipitation. A funneled aperture of 150-170 cm is found in standard rain gauges. They are designed as a simple passive collector. A graduated measuring glass is used for determining the amount of precipitation.

A climograph represents the average temperature and precipitation of each month. From this representation, the maximum and minimum temperatures as well as rainfall may be observed. 

A col is a saddle-shaped depression or a low point between two higher peaks or summits on a ridge.

In standard topographic map conventions, contour lines are traditionally printed in brown to distinguish them from other features like water (blue) or vegetation (green).