Tag: the industrial revolution

The correct answer for this question is option A, that is 3. Following the Industrial Revolution, a new class structure emerged which comprised of the lower/working class, the middle class and the upper class.

Laissez-Faire is a French term for an economic system which supports free trade while the other 3 ideologies are distinct political-economic ideological systems.

The industrial revolution changed the economic face of England. England became the most advanced country in the world. It developed its trade relations and this increased the national income. The establishment of factories saw the rise of many new industrial towns like Manchester, Lancashire, Birmingham and Sheffield. 

In the mid-nineteenth century, Henry Mayhew wrote several volumes on the London labour, and compiled long list of those who made a living from crime. Many of whom he listed as 'criminal' were in fact poor people who lived by stealing lead from roofs.

The early industrial cities of Britain such as Leeds and Manchester attracted large numbers of migrants to the textile mills setup in the late eighteenth century. In 1851, more than three-quarters of the adults living in Manchester were migrants from rural areas.

Factories employed large number of women in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. With technology developments, women gradually lost their industrial jobs, and were forced to work within household.

By this theory, capitalists and traders pleaded that the state had no right to interfere in the affairs of the factories and trade. 

The birth of new classes, the capitalist and the labour class made the poor poorer and the entire capital of the country went into the coffers on the capitalist. It was therefore rightly said by someone, the industrial revolution made the rich richer and the poor poorer. 

The term "Industrial revolution" refers to all those changes that took place in the field of the industry during the second half of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th century. In this period power-driven machines were used in big factories to achieve large scale production.

The Industrialization in Germany occurred almost a century later than England. This was because until 1870, Germany was not unified. In 1871, with the formation of New German Confederation, the country became politically, socially, and economically stronger. Thus, the unification provides a smooth platform for the growth of industries. Also, as a result of Seven Weeks war with France, Germany gained Alsace and Lorraine. These were mineral rich regions and gave an instant boom to the economy.