Tag: health and its maintenance

Questions Related to health and its maintenance

When children play bare footed in pools of dirty water and flood water, they may suffer from diseases like

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Leptospirosis and bilharzia

  2. Malaria, amoebic dysentery and leptospirosis

  3. Bilharzia, infective hepatitis and diarrhoea

  4. Guinea worm infection, elephantiasis and amoebic dysentery

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Leptospira is a genus of Spirochaete. It usually spreads from rodents to man. They are excreted in urine. Transmission to man may follow direct contact with urine, blood or tissue from an infected animal or exposure to a contaminated environment. Therefore, the epidemic may result from exposure to flood water contaminated by urine from infected animals. The spirochaete may enter through skin abrasions or even through intact mucus membranes of the mouth, oropharynx or oesophagus on swallowing.
Bilharziasis is the older name of Schistosomiasis. Portal of entry into man is through the skin when wading or swimming in water infested with cercariae larvae
So, the correct answer is 'Leptospirosis and bilharzia'

The absence of anti-haemophilic globulin or factor VIII causes 

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Haemophilia A

  2. Haemophilia B

  3. Colour blindness

  4. Sickle cell anaemia

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Haemophilia A is a genetic deficiency in clotting factor VIII which causes increased bleeding and usually affects males. It is the X-linked recessive trait. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

John, a male hemophiliac, marries Jane, a normal woman, and together they have four children, two boys (Mark and Mike) and two girls (Molly and Mary). None of the children display the symptoms of hemophilia. Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary all marry normal individuals and have children. None of Mark's or Mike's children, male or female, display symptoms of hemophilia, but the sons of Molly and Mary all display symptoms of hemophilia while the daughters of Molly and Mary do not. Which of the following individuals are heterozygous for hemophilia?

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. John, Mark, and Mike

  2. Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary

  3. John and Jane

  4. Molly and Mary

  5. Mark and Mike

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Hemophilia is sex linked recessive disorder. Gene responsible for it present on X chromosome and only expresses in dominant state. Out of four children of john (hemophiliac male) and Jane (normal woman), both the girls Molly and Mary become heterozygous for hemophilia as they got hemophiliac X chromosome from father only, which they pass on to their children resulting sons with hemophilia expressed and daughters are either normal heterozygous for hemophilia. The boys Mark and Mike are normal as they don't get hemophiliac X chromosome from father and when they married with normal individuals, all their children would be normal. Thus, the correct answer is ' Molly and Mary.'

 A male hemophiliac, marries a normal woman, and they have four normal children, two boys (Mark and Mike) and two girls (Molly and Mary). Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary all marry normal individuals and have children. The children (male and female) of Mark's or Mike's children were normal but the sons of Molly and Mary all display symptoms of hemophilia while their daughters do not.
Which of the following statement best explains the reason that Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary do not display symptoms of hemophilia, even though their father, John, is a hemophiliac?

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder, and John can pass on only his Y chromosome.

  2. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder and even though Molly and Mary received a hemophiliac X chromosome from father, mother gave them a normal X chromosome.

  3. Hemophilia is a Y-linked disorder and therefore cannot be displayed in females.

  4. Hemophilia is a Y-linked disorder and Mark and Mike must have received an X chromosome from John.

  5. Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder, and even though Mark and Mike received a hemophiliac X chromosome from John, Jane gave them a normal X chromosome.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Out of this family, the only members that express this condition are males. This is a tip-off for X-linked disorders, which are more common in males because they have only a single X chromosome.
John’s genotype is X$^h$Y. He passed his Y chromosome to Mark and Mike; they also received a normal X from Jane, thus they do not have hemophilia, nor can they pass it on to their kids. Molly and Mary received X$^h$ from John but also received a normal X from Jane, thus they are carriers of hemophilia but do not display its symptoms.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Schizophrenia is associated with which of the following drugs?

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Cannabis

  2. Cocaine

  3. Amphetamines

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behaviour and failure to recognize what is real. The word schizophrenia, which translates as 'splitting of mind'. Inhalation or oral intake of certain drugs like cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines results in schizophrenic condition as all these drugs have direct effect on the brain. 

Thus the correct answer is option D.

The full form of ECT is

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Electrocardio therapy.

  2. Electrical conduction therapy.

  3. Electroconvulsive therapy.

  4. Electroconvulsive technique.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

ECT is the abbreviation for Electroconvulsive Therapy. Shock treatment (ECT) is suited in some cases and can bring about dramatic improvement in severe depression. In this, electric currents are passed through the brain, intentionally triggering a brief seizure.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, caused by the abnormal 

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. Virual infection in brain

  2. Bacterial infection in brain

  3. Electrical discharge from neuron of the brain

  4. Fungal infection in brain

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking and there is unconsciousness. Epilepsy occurs due to abnormal electrical discharge from neuron of the brain.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

John, a male hemophiliac, marries Jane, a normal woman, and together they have four children, two boys (Mark and Mike) and two girls (Molly and Mary). None of the children display the symptoms of hemophilia. Mark, Mike, Molly, and Mary all marry normal individuals and have children. None of Mark's or Mike's children, male or female, display symptoms of hemophilia, but the sons of Molly and Mary all display symptoms of hemophilia while the daughters of Molly and Mary do not. If one of Mike's daughters marries a normal man, what is the probability that one of their children will display symptoms of hemophilia?

zoology why do we fall ill health introduction to health health and its maintenance

  1. 0%

  2. 25%

  3. 50%

  4. 75%

  5. 100%

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disorder. Gene responsible for it present on X chromosome and only expresses in a dominant state. Out of four children of John (haemophiliac male) and Jane (normal woman), both the girls Molly and Mary become a carrier for haemophilia as they got haemophiliac X chromosome from John, which they pass on to their children resulting sons with haemophilia expressed and daughters are either normal or carrier. The boys Mark and Mike are normal as they don't get haemophiliac X chromosome from father and when they married with normal individuals, all children would be normal. Thus, the correct answer is '0%.'