Tag: introduction to classification of living organisms

Questions Related to introduction to classification of living organisms

Practical purpose of taxonomy or classification is to

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Facilitate the identification of unknown species.

  2. Explain the origin of organisms.

  3. To know the evolutionary process.

  4. Identification of medicinal plants.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Taxonomy is the science of classification of organisms and includes identification and nomenclature based on the description of characteristics. Taxonomy, therefore, helps to identify the unknown species. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Linnaeus proposed an outline of plant classification in

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Genera Plantarum

  2. Species Plantarurn

  3. Systema Naturae

  4. Philosophia Botanica

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Linnaeus is described as the father of taxonomy due to his immense contribution in the field of nomenclature and taxonomy. He identified and classified 24 classes of flowering plants based on the number of stamens. He divided these classes into orders on the basis of carpel characteristics. This sexual, as well as artificial classification system, was first described in his book called as Systema Naturae. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Carolus Linnaeus classified plant kingdom on the basis of

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Floral morphology

  2. Overall morphology of plants

  3. Type of sexual reproduction

  4. Anatomical character

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Linnaeus is considered as 'father of taxonomy'. He identified 24 classes of flowering plants based on the number of stamens and their adnate or connate state. He divided these classes into orders on the basis of carpel characteristics. Thus, option A is the correct answer.

System of classification proposed by Linnaeus was

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Artificial

  2. Natural

  3. Sexual

  4. Both A and C

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Linnaeus is considered as the father of taxonomy. He classified the flowering plants based on the floral characters. The classification was based on the number of stamens and the basis of carpel characteristics. Since, his classification employed sexual characters, it is termed as sexual classification. The artificial system of classification is based on the observable characters such as habit, number, forms, the number of stamen which makes the classification system proposed by Linnaeus as an artificial system.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

First plant classification was given by

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Linnaeus

  2. John Ray

  3. Theophrastus

  4. Darwin

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Theophrastus is considered father of botany. He was the Greek philosopher and the first to attempt to classify plants on the basis of their morphological features. On the basis of their height, girth and branches, the plants were classified as tree, shrubs, sub-shrubs and herbs.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which of the following book was written by Theophrastus?

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. 'Enquiry into Plants'

  2. 'On the Causes of Plants'

  3. 'Historia Plantarum'

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Theophrastus is considered father of botany. He was the Greek philosopher and the first to attempt to classify plants of the basis of their morphological features. On the basis of their height, girth and branches, the plants were classified as tree, shrubs, sub-shrubs and herbs. He considered the trees as most advanced plant and classified around 500 plant species of plants which are mentioned in his book Historia Plantarum. Enquiry into Plants and On the Causes of Plants were also penned by him. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Typological concept of species was given by

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Mendel

  2. Aristole and Plato

  3. John Ray

  4. Hutchinson

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The typological concept of species was proposed by Aristotle and Plato. According to this concept 'There is a definite type or pattern of characters in each species of every living organisms and all the members of species show maximum resemblance with this pattern. The species in which a fixed pattern of characters is present are called as monotypic species.
So, the correct option is 'Aristotle and Plato'.

Scala Naturae was written by

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Hippocrates

  2. Thales

  3. Aristotle

  4. Theophrastus

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Scala Naturae (Natural Ladder) was written by Aristotle to organize all things in the natural world, living and non-living. Aristotle's Scala Naturae showed a continuum from 'lower' forms of matter to 'higher' forms of matter. 

So, the correct option is 'Aristotle'.

The scientist who first gave the dynamic concept of species 

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Julian Huxley

  2. Linnaeus

  3. Lamarck

  4. John Ray

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The dynamic concept of species was given by Lamarck. According to this concept 'Species is always changeable'. Changes always occur in the characters of species from one generation to the next generation. And these changes are known as evolution.

So, the correct option is 'Lamarck'.

Great chain of being is

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Biblian concept of origin of life.

  2. Hierarchical arrangement of organisms by Aristotle.

  3. Hierarchical arrangement of animals by Theophrastus.

  4. Origin of Life by Thales.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Aristotle developed the idea of Scala Naturae (Natural Ladder) which came to be known as the Great chain of being to organize all things in the natural world, living and non-living. It showed a continuum from 'lower' forms of matter to 'higher' forms of matter. 
  • The Scala Naturae ranged from inanimate matter (minerals) as the 'lowest', then up to plants, then to animals. The 'highest' things on the ladder are humans.
So, the correct option is 'Hierarchical arrangement of organisms by Aristotle'.