Tag: nutrition deficiency diseases

Questions Related to nutrition deficiency diseases

Deficiency of calcium can

evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

  1. Cause constipation

  2. Can cause night blindness

  3. Decrease the resistance of our body against harmful microorganisms

  4. Make our bones and teeth weak

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Calcium plays ain important role in building and maintaining bones and teeth.calcium is important in the activity of many enzymes in the body. The contraction of muscles, release of neurotransmitters, regulation of heartbeat, and clotting of blood are all dependent on calcium.

Deficiency of calcium is known as Hypocalcemia.

 It occurs when calcium levels in the blood are low. 

Teeth and bones are made up of calcium and its deficiency can lead to dental changes, and osteoporosis, which causes the bones to become brittle. Hence, the deficiency of calcium can make our bones and teeth weak.

So, the correct option is 'make our bones and teeth weak'.

 

Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients for long period of time is known as 

evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

  1. Infection

  2. Deficiency disease

  3. Vitamin diseases

  4. Nutrient diseases

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The body requires many different, carbohydrates, vitamins & minerals that are crucial for both body development & preventing disease. The deficiencies of these nutrients for a long time can cause deficiency disease.

So the correct answer is 'Deficiency disease'.

Deficiency of calcium causes

evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

  1. Poor growth of teeth and gums

  2. Goitre

  3. Anaemia

  4. Polio

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The teeth are made up of minerals like calcium and phosphate. The dentine and the enamel of the teeth are made up of calcium. Thus, calcium is very important in the normal growth and development of the teeth and gums and its deficiency can lead to the weakening of the gums.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Poor growth of teeth and gums'

Night blindness occurs due to deficiency of which vitamin?

evs deficiency diseases diseases caused by changes in lifestyle nutrition deficiency diseases study of ecological pyramids

  1. Vitamin A

  2. Vitamin B

  3. Vitamin C

  4. Vitamin D

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Night blindness is a nutritional disorder in which person is not able to see at night or in poor light. It is mainly caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A. Vitamin A is retinol that helps in the formation of rhodopsin that helps in vision in low light and hence in the absence of retinol, this pigments will not form and a person will not be able to see in dim light.

Digestion of protein takes place in

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. Duodenum and stomach

  2. Stomach and oesophagus

  3. Small and large intestine

  4. Intestine and rectum

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the given digestion and absorption of protein?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. The breakdown of proteins to peptides is catalyzed by pepsin in the stomach and by the pancreatic enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin in the small intestine.

  2. Peptides are broken down into amino acids by pancreatic carboxypeptidase and intestinal aminopeptidase.

  3. Small peptides consisting of two or three amino acids can diffuse through the epithelial cell and broken down into carbon dioxide and ammonia which are released into the blood.

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Digestion of protein is initiated in the stomach by the enzyme pepsin.
  • In the small intestine, further digestion is done by trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase into dipeptidase that releases from the pancreas.
  • Dipeptidase are broken into amino acids by intestinal dipeptidase.
  • These amino acids are absorbed actively by walls of intestine and release in the bloodstream.
  • These are utilized by tissues and broken down into carbon dioxide and ammonia.
  • Proteins require maximum energy to digest.

So the correct option is 'Peptides are broken down into amino acids by pancreatic carboxypeptidase and intestinal aminopeptidase.'

How does pepsinogen change into its active form?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. In the presence of hydrochloric acid

  2. In the presence of trypsin

  3. In the presence of  bile

  4. In the presence of carboxypeptidae

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

 Parietal cells of stomach secrets hydrochloric acid which convert inactive pepsinogen to partially active pepsinogen, partially activates pepsinogen then cleaves the peptide from other pepsinogen molecules to form active pepsin which converts protein into proteases and peptides.

So, the correct answer is 'In the presence of hydrochloric acid'.

Which of the following is the correct matching of the site of action on the given substrate, the enzyme acting upon it and the end product?
(i) Small intestine: Protein $\xrightarrow{Pepsin}$ Amino acid
(ii) Stomach : Fat $\xrightarrow{Lipase}$ Micelles
(iii) Duodenum : Triglycerides $\xrightarrow{Trypsin}$ Monoglyceride 
(iv) Buccal cavity : Starch $\xrightarrow{Amylase}$ Disaccharide
(v) Jejunum: Peptones $\xrightarrow{Pepsin}$ Amino acid
(vi) Buccal cavity : Starch $\xrightarrow{Amyloglycerate}$ Maltose

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. (i),(ii) and (iii) are correct

  2. (iv) only 

  3. (iv) and (v) are correct

  4. All are correct

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

(i) Pepsin digest protein in the stomach.

(ii)Lipase digest emulsified fat in the intestine.
(iii)In duodenum trypsin digest protein or dipeptides.
(iv) Starch is digested into maltose by salivary amylase in the buccal cavity.
(v)Pepsin digest protein in the stomach.
(vi) Starch is digested into maltose by salivary amylase in the buccal cavity.
So the correct option is '(iv) only '

Read the given statements and select the option that correctly identifies them as true or false
1) Insulin has no effect on absorption of glucose from gastrointestinal tract
2) Fat absorption is greatest in the upper part of the small intestine
3) most vitamins are absorbed in the ileum

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
1) Insulin has no effect on the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract as it increases the amount of glucose absorption when its concentration increase in blood.
2) Fat absorption is greatest in the upper part of the small intestine because in duodenum bile emulsifies it and form micelles which are absorbed form.
3) Most vitamins are absorbed in the ileum.
So the correct option is 'True'.

What is common among amylase, renin and trypsin?

parts of the digestive system digestive system of human human digestive system digestion and absorption biology nutrition deficiency diseases digestive system

  1. They are proteins

  2. All these are proteolytic enzymes

  3. These are produced in stomach

  4. These act at the pH of less than 7

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A) Amylase is produced by buccal cavity, pancreas and intestine and digest starch.

B) Renin is produced by the stomach and helps in the digestion of milk in infants.
C) Trypsin is produced by the pancreas and helps in the digestion of protein.
But one thing is common in all the above three is that they are made up of proteins.
So, the correct option is 'They are proteins'.