Tag: commercial use of microorganism

Louis Pasteur proposed the germ theory of disease. This theory explains that the disease is caused by the microorganisms which cannot be seen by naked eyes. These are small and microscopic organisms. These organisms are dependent on the host for activities like growth. He demonstrated that fermentation is the result of the action of microorganism on sugar. 

The most common bacteria responsible for fermentation of dairy milk are Lactobacillus species. Bacteria like Lactococcus and Leuconostoc are also used in production of fermented milk products. Lactobacillus produce lactic acid from lactose by the process of glucose fermentation. This also increases acidity and sours and thickens the milk.

Yoghurt are produced from cultures of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus.Acetobacter aceti has no role in production of yoghurt.

Lactobacillus and Streptococcus that are capable of lactic acid fermentation are used in the flavouring of yogurt.

 Smack is one of the street names of heroin which is chemically diacetylmorphine. It is generally produced by the acetylation of crude morphine and is a narcotic analgesic that is used in the treatment of severe pain. Illicit heroin may be smoked or solubilised with a weak acid and then injected.

Propionibacterium Sharmani or P.Sharmani is the bacterium used for the production of a large amount of CO2 for making large holes in cheese.

Yeast is a single-celled, microscopic fungus which uses sugar as food. Ethanol fermentation is a biological process of converting sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide. It is performed by yeasts in the absence of oxygen. 

Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of the gas fill the dough and increase its volume.