Tag: pathogen and their mode of transmission

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Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Which one of the following is a common disease caused by a virus?

  1. Yellow fever

  2. Typhoid

  3. Syphilis

  4. Tetanus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Tetanus and typhoid are bacterial diseases caused by bacteria. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. Yellow fever is caused by a flavivirus and transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes, usually the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which had become infected by biting an infected human. Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

The vector carrying virus which causes yellow fever in humans is a

  1. Mosquito

  2. Bug

  3. Louse

  4. Beetle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Yellow fever is an acute viral fever caused by a flavivirus. It is transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes, usually the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It is characterized by a headache, chills, loss of appetite, nausea etc. In severe cases, yellow fever causes a high fever, bleeding into the skin and the death of cells in the liver and kidneys. Liver damage results in severe jaundice i.e., yellowing of the skin; hence the name "yellow fever". Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Common cold differs from pneumonia in, that 

  1. Pneumonia is a communicable disease, whereas, the common cold is a nutritional deficiency disease.

  2. Pneumonia can be prevented by a live attenuated bacterial vaccine, whereas, the common cold has no effective vaccine.

  3. Pneumonia is caused by a virus while the common cold is caused by the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae.

  4. Pneumonia pathogen infects alveoli, whereas, the common cold affects nose and respiratory passage but not the lungs.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • The common cold is a viral disease, which is caused by a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract (nose and throat), whereas, pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs known as alveoli. 

  • It is usually caused by infection with viruses or bacteria and less commonly other microorganisms. Typical symptoms include a cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing.

    Hence, Option D is correct.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Wheel animalcules are

  1. Coelenterates

  2. Echinoderms

  3. Rotifers

  4. Protozoans
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Animalcule is an older term for a microscopic animal or protozoan.
  • Rotifers are microscopic and free-living microscopic or near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals belonging to the phylum Rotifera.
  • 90% of rotifers inhabit freshwater habitat but some live in brackish water and few in the ocean.
  • Rotifers are called wheel animalcules because their corona is composed of several ciliated tufts around the mouth that in motion resemble a wheel.
  • Hence wheel animalcules are Rotifers.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Rotifers'.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

In most simple type of canal system of Porifera, which of the following ways exhibit water flow?

  1. Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  2. Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  3. Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
  4. Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Exterior
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The central body cavity of sponges is called spongocoel. Their body is porous. The inhalent pores are called ostia and exhalent pores are known as oscula. The body of a sponge is organised in such a manner as to form a complex system of pores and canals. This system is called canal system. Water flows In through ostia to spongocoel and comes out to exterior via osculum. The continuous water current flowing through the canal system is very important for the life of a sponge. It brings in food and oxygen and canes away carbon dioxide, nitrogenous wastes and reproductive bodies. Thus, the canal system helps the sponge in nutrition, respiration, excretion and reproduction. So, the correct answer is 'Ostia $\longrightarrow$ Spongocoel $\longrightarrow$ Osculum $\longrightarrow$ Exterior'.
Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

State whether the following statement is true or false:
Some organisms, like amoeba, can be classified as animals and plants.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Amoeba, unicellular protozoan, outerly covered by plasma membrane, cell wall is not present. So amoeba is purely animal cell.

So, the statement is false.

Multiple choice biology living world and classification of microbes pathogen and their mode of transmission economic importance of bacteria and fungi diseases and immunity five kingdoms of living organisms

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is the most accurate general description of the kingdom Protista?

  1. Eukaryotic, photosynthetic or heterotrophic organisms that inhabit moist environments, form resistant cysts, and reproduce with flagellated gametes

  2. Relatively simple versions of plants, animals and fungi

  3. Eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic

  4. Eukaryotic, heterotrophic and/or photosynthetic, unicellular or simple multicellular organisms, which are different enough from multicellular plants, fungi, or animals to be placed in this diverse group
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Protista is a group in of eukaryotic organisms which have a true nucleus, they are usually unicellular and the cells of these organisms contain nucleus which is bound to the organelle,  algae are one of the classifications of protista which are photosynthetic organisms that are mostly found in freshwater sources or marine lakes. Protists are heterotrophic organism & on the other hand, has to acquire nutrition from other organisms such as plants or animals to survive.

So, the correct option is 'Eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic'.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

A disease can be prevented by which of the following methods?

  1. Health education

  2. Immunization

  3. Isolation of infection individuals

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Disease prevention involves a multi-faceted approach, including public health education, immunization programs, and the isolation of infected individuals to break the chain of transmission.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

The aim of primary principle of prevention is

  1. To maintain healthy population.

  2. To minimize disease.

  3. To minimize patient population.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The infection is a state in which the immune system is weak to fight against the pathogen. The infection can be prevented by maintaining a healthy population. The proper food will provide nutrients which make the body strong and healthy. This allows more production of immune cells to fight the infection. The healthy population are less likely to acquire the diseases and there will be less chances of epidemics.

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

Infectious disease can be prevented by 

  1. Antibiotics

  2. Vaccines

  3. Analgesics

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The vaccine is made from a virus either killed, weakened or attenuated, which is introduced into the blood. This process is known as vaccination or immunization. The vaccine can be used to inject the antigen or the antibodies which provide protection against the respective disease by the production of antibodies by the plasma cells. The infectious diseases are transmitted from one infected person to the other person directly. These diseases can be prevented with the help of vaccination.

Thus, the correct answer is option B.