Tag: diseases and immunity

Quizzes (21) Questions (266)

Questions Related to diseases and immunity

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Anatomic barrier to disease is 

  1. Skin

  2. Mucous membrane

  3. Mucus and cilia

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The skin and the surface of mucous membranes act as an anatomical barrier and prevent the entry of microorganisms inside the body. The skin maintains the pH about 3 to 5 which retards the growth of microbes and mucous entraps foreign microorganisms and cilia propel microbes out of the body. Thus they prevent the entry of microorganisms. Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action
The gland which regulates the level of calcium in the blood is?

  1. Thyroid

  2. Adrenal

  3. Parathyroid

  4. Pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Parathyroid gland regulates calcium levels in the body. It produces a hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH raises the blood calcium level by bone desorption leading to calcium release when the blood calcium level is too low. Another way that parathyroid hormone works is by increasing the body's ability to absorb calcium from food and also increasing the kidney's ability to hold on to calcium that would otherwise be lost in the urine. , PTH is released to bring the calcium level back to normal.  so, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Phagocytes of innate immunity are

  1. Neutrophills

  2. Macrophages

  3. Monocytes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phagocytosis is the process of ingestion of extracellular particulate material from environment. It is conducted by some specialized cells called the phagocytes. The blood cells, monocytes, neutrophils and macrophages are all phagocytes. Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

A person likely to develop tetanus is immunized by administering :

  1. Weakned germs

  2. Dead germs

  3. Preformed antibodies

  4. Wide spectrum antibiotics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Tetanus immunization for a person likely to develop the disease (post-exposure) requires passive immunity, which is provided by administering preformed antibodies (tetanus antitoxin). Weakened or dead germs are used for active immunization, which takes too long to develop protection in an emergency.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Gastric secretions are under the control of 

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Thalamus

  4. Medulla oblongata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B,D Correct answer
Explanation

Gastric secretion starts with the stomach responds to the mere sight, smell, taste, or thought of food which process starts in the cerebrum. These sensory and mental inputs converge on the hypothalamus, which relays signals to the medulla oblongata. Vagus nerve fibres from the medulla stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system of the stomach which, in turn, stimulates gastric secretion.

So the answers are Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, and Medulla oblongata.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Note the following.

(A) Skin, (B) Phagocytes, (C) B-cells, (D) Inflammation, (E) Antibodies, (F) T-cells, (G) Fever, (H) Complementary proteins, (I) NK-cells, (J) Secretions. 

Identify the factors involved in second line of defence.

  1. (B), (D), (G), (H), and (I)

  2. (B), (C), (E) and (I)

  3. (D), (F), (H) and (J)

  4. (C), (E), (G) and (H)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The second line of defense is the non-specific responses. They are generalized responses to pathogen infection, they do not target a specific cell type. The non-specific response consists of some WBCs and plasma proteins and the following factors:

1. Phagocytes are cells that eat foreign material to destroy them and it includes neutrophils and eosinophils.
2. Macrophages are non-phagocytic leucocytes, like basophils and mast cells.
3. Complement proteins is a plasma protein that is directly activated by the antigen.
4. Inflammation is the immune response shown during an infection. It is generally shown by WBC.

5. Fever is an immune response that includes the increase in the temperature of the body to kill pyrogens.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action
Erythropoietin is secreted from.

  1. Pituitary gland

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal gland

  4. Kidney
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Erythropoietin (EPO), is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted by the kidney. It helps in the formation of red blood cells by the bone marrow. The kidney cells that make EPO are specialized and are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood coming into the kidney. After being released into the blood stream it binds with receptors in the bone marrow, where it stimulates the production of red blood cells (erythrocytes). Medically, EPO is used to treat certain forms of anemia. So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology diseases and immunity body defense system drug-target interaction pharmaceutical products and drug action

Which one of the following organs is not involved in the elicitation of immune responses?

  1. Spleen

  2. Thymus

  3. Lymph nodes

  4. Brain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The immune response is how our body recognizes and defends itself against bacteria, viruses and other harmful diseases. They are also triggered by antigens. The parts involved in elicitation of immune responses are Spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow and white blood cells.

So, the correct option is 'Brain'.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

A disease can be prevented by which of the following methods?

  1. Health education

  2. Immunization

  3. Isolation of infection individuals

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Disease prevention involves a multi-faceted approach, including public health education, immunization programs, and the isolation of infected individuals to break the chain of transmission.

Multiple choice biology health and diseases pathogen and their mode of transmission some infectious diseases diseases and immunity

The aim of primary principle of prevention is

  1. To maintain healthy population.

  2. To minimize disease.

  3. To minimize patient population.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The infection is a state in which the immune system is weak to fight against the pathogen. The infection can be prevented by maintaining a healthy population. The proper food will provide nutrients which make the body strong and healthy. This allows more production of immune cells to fight the infection. The healthy population are less likely to acquire the diseases and there will be less chances of epidemics.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.