Tag: diseases and immunity

Protective mechanical barriers include skin, hair, mucus etc. Skin has an outer tough layer made of a protein keratin and is almost impermeable to germs.

Innate immunity also called natural or native immunity. This immunity is by virtue of genetic constitutional make-up. It is there in the body without any external stimulation or a previous infection.

Innate immunity also called natural or inborn immunity. Innate immunity refers to nonspecific defense mechanisms that come into play immediately or within hours of an antigen's appearance in the body.

Humans have two types of immunity i.e., innate and acquired immunity. Innate is non specific immunity and acquired is specific immunity.

Rabies is a disease that shows its symptoms in two stages. During $2-10$ days symptoms like hallucination, hydrophobia, seizure and paralysis occurs. Lowered immunity is the symptom of AIDS.

The immune system provides both the types of immune response innate and acquired immune responses. Innate immunity occurs naturally due to genetic factors or physiology. It is a native immune response that present by birth. It provides physical barrier such as skin, Physiological barriers such as pH of the stomach, bile juice, saliva and tears, cellular barriers such as leucocytes, macrophage cell and cytokine barrier.

The innate immune is an older evolutionary defense strategy  and it is dominant immune system response found in plants ,fungi,insects,and primitive multi-cellular organisms..The innate leukocytes includes:

Immunomodulation is modulation (regulatory adjustment) of the immune system. Homeostasis in the immune system, whereby the system self-regulates to adjust immune responses. Immunomodulators are a part of immunotherapy, in which immune responses are induced, amplified, attenuated, or prevented according to therapeutic goals.