Tag: diseases and immunity

The immunosuppressive drugs are given to treat individuals with autoimmune disorders and to suppress immunity in order prevent host immune responses against antigens on the transplanted organ, thereby avoiding rejection. There are various kinds of immunosuppressive drugs; some drugs like Calcineurin inhibitors act on some of the immune cells which synthesize the receptors for antigen binding. None of the immunosuppressive drugs acts against antigens. However, use of the immunosuppressive drugs pose a risk of infection because they don't specifically inhibit certain cells that cause autoimmunity or transplant rejection, they inhibit the entire immune system making us vulnerable to infections. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Chronic opioid use is known to suppress both innate and adaptive immune responses, affecting cytokine production and lymphocyte proliferation. Tetracyclines are antibiotics and analgesics are a broad class, neither of which are primarily classified as immunosuppressants.

Methotrexate is an immunosuppressant mainly used as a folic acid analogue. It is known as amethopterin is a chemotherapy agent and immune system suppressant. It is used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, ectopic pregnancy and medical abortions. Used for include breast cancer, leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma.

Cytostatics inhibit cell division. They affect the proliferation of both T cells and B cells. Due to their highest effectiveness.

IFN is the immunosuppressive drug to slow down the progression of multiple sclerosis. It is used to treat various cancers and virus infections. It is same as protein that your body naturally produces. It is through to work by affecting cell function and body's natural defenses in many ways.

An autograft involves transferring tissue from one site to another within the same individual, ensuring genetic identity and preventing rejection. Isografts occur between genetically identical individuals, while xenografts occur between different species.

A- An isograft is a graft of tissue between two individuals who are genetically identical i.e. monozygotic twins.Transplant rejection in such cases never occurs.

A- Allograft or allotransplant is the transplant of cells, tissues, or organs to a recipient from a genetically non-identical donor of same species. Most of the organ or tissue transplants in human are allografts.  

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) occurs when immunocompetent cells from a donor graft recognize the recipient's tissues as foreign. This is most common in allogenic transplants where the donor and recipient are not genetically identical.