Tag: gene cloning procedure

Questions Related to gene cloning procedure

In PCR, short primers are added to single stranded DNA molecules in a test tube and the appropriate enzymes are included to make a copy of the DNA. Which of the following primers is needed for copying the single stranded DNA sequence $ 5'TACGGTAGGTC3'$ ?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $5'ATGCC 3'$

  2. $ 5'GACCT 3' $

  3. $ 3'GACCT 5' $

  4. $ 3'ATGCC 5' $

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A primer is a short single strand of RNA or DNA (generally about 18-22 bases) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis. It is required for DNA replication because the enzymes that catalyze this process, DNA polymerases, can only add new nucleotides to an existing strand of DNA. The polymerase starts replication at the 3′-end of the primer, and copies the opposite strand. 


For copying the single stranded DNA sequence 5′TACGGTAGGTC3′, complementary sequence possessing primer is needed which is 5′GACCT3′.

So the correct option is '5′GACCT3′'.

A DNA sequencing reaction was performed with the fragment $5-XXXGCGATCGYYYY-3'$ as the template, dideoxy GTP, all the four $dNTPs$, and the required primers and enzyme. $XXXX$ and $YYYY$ in the given DNA fragment represent primer binding sites. The set of fragments obtained during the reaction will be (the primers are not shown in the amplified fragments).

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $5'-CGATCGC-3'$ only

  2. $5'-CG-3', 5'-CGCTAG-3', 5'-CCCTAGC-3'$

  3. $5'-CG-3', 5'-CGATCG-3', 5'-CGATCGC-3'$

  4. $5'-G-3', 5'-GCG-3', 5'-GCGATCG-3'$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A DNA sequencing reaction was performed with the fragment 5−XXXGCGATCGYYYY−3′ as the template, dideoxy GTP, all the four dNTPs, and the required primers and enzyme. XXXX and YYYY in the given DNA fragment represent primer binding sites. The set of fragments obtained during the reaction will be CGATCGC, because if primer is attache to the XXXX binding site it polymerization starts and its complimentary fragment is CGATCGC.

Column I                                            Column II
I. Agarose                                             A. PCR
II. Opines                                              B. Gene gun
III. Biolistic                                           C. Ti plasmid
iv. Thermal cycler                                 D. Sea weeds

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $I-D,II-A,III-B,IV-C$

  2. $I-D,II-C,III-B,IV-A$

  3. $I-D,II-A,III-C,IV-B$

  4. $I-A,II-D,III-B,IV-C$

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • Agarose is derived from seaweeds Gelidium and Gracilaria
  • Opine synthesis is the function of Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium
  • Biolistic is the term used for gene gun used for biotransformation
  • Thermocycler is used to carry out PCR reaction
So the correct option is B. (I−D,II−C,III−B,IV−A)

The areas of application of PCR include

A. Production of monoclonal antibodies 
B. Insertion of recombinant DNA into an organism
C. Diagnosis of specific mutation
D. Detection of plant pathogens

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. A, B

  2. B, C

  3. C, D

  4. A, B, C, D

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The areas of application of PCR include 

  • Clinical Diagnosis
  • DNA Sequencing 
  • Gene Manipulation and Expression Studies
  •  in Comparative Studies of Genomes
  •  in Forensic Medicine
  •  in Comparison with Gene Cloning


So, the correct option is 'C,D'.

Which of the following can't be achieved using PCR ?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Detect HIV in AIDS suspect

  2. detect mutations in cancer patients

  3. Detect antigen - antibody interaction

  4. Detect specific micro organism from soil

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Correct Option: A

First technique and product produced by biotechnology are:

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. PCR and detection of disease

  2. ELISA and detection of AIDS

  3. PCR and medicines

  4. Fermentation and Ethanol

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following has popularised the PCR(Polymerase chain reactions)?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Easy availability of DNA template

  2. Availability of synthesis primers

  3. Availability of cheap deoxyribonucleotides

  4. Availability of thermostable DNA polymerase

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Correct Option: A

Which one of the following palindromic base sequences in DNA can be easily cut at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. $5$' ______ GAATTC _____$3$

    $3$' _    ___ CTTAAG __________$5$'

  2. $5$' _______CACGTA ______ $3$'

    $3$'________ CTCAGT ________ $5$'

  3. $5$' ________ CGTTCG ________ $3$'

    $3$' ______ATGGTA ______$5$'

  4. $5$' _________ GATATG ______$3$'

    $3$'    __CTACTA _____$5$'

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Correct Option: A

The polymerase chain reaction is a technique used for?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. Amplification of DNA

  2. Amplification of enzymes

  3. Amplification of proteins

  4. All of these

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following technique is employed to check the progression of a restriction enzyme digestion?

bio-chemistry applications of biotechnology pcr cutting, insertion and ligation of dna gene cloning procedure biotechnological regulations asexual modes of reproduction

  1. PCR

  2. Bioreactor

  3. Gel electrophoresis

  4. Micro injection

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Answer is option C i.e. "Gel electrophoresis"
Gel electrophoresis is the technique which can check DNA fragment progression. Restriction enzyme digest DNA into fragments. Each fragment has different size. When gel electrophoresis is performed each fragment with different sizes are separated on the gel.
While, PCR is used for DNA amplification. Bioreactors are the fermentors used for fermentation process and micro-injection is a method used to transfer genes between animals.