Tag: the establishment of east india company

ANGLO-SIKH

1.British interest in Afghanistan was to control Afghanistan in order to protect incursions from north-west in particular to counter balance Russian influence and development of trade in Central Asia.

2. British intervention in Afghan affairs gave birth to three Afgthan Wars.

3. Afghanistan policy.

• Lord Auckland was the first to initiate the forward policy for Afghanistan.
• He sent Alexander Burns to king of Afghanistan Dost Ali but this Mission did not succeed.
• He initiated military campaign against the next king Dost Muhammad. By this move he could control Kabul, DostMohammad fled away. New king Shah Shuja was installed.

4. This military campaign was First Afgan War (1839).

5. Lord Lawrence initiated Policy of Masterly Inactivity. The policy refers to non intervention but being watchful.

6. Lord Lytton dropped Masterly inactivity policy & followed forward policy Second Afghan War took place in 1878 -80.

7. This war ended in 1880 before that Treaty of Gandhak in 1879Was signed Under this Treaty Lytton Placed to divide Agfhanistan into two parts.

8. Third Afghan War began in 1919& ended with Treaty of Rawalpindi (1921) during the time of lord Chelmsford.

ANGLO-SINDH

1. Sindh was ruled by Baliuhi Tribes & rulers were Known as Amir There were three branches- Haid-erabad, Mirpur,and Khairpur.

2. Sindh Conquest It was Lord Ellenborogh in 1842 who made a plan of conquest of Sindh Charles Napier was appointed as resident in sindh in 1842 He accused the Amirs of hatching plots & conspiracies against British.

3. Issue of succession in Khairpur and British intervention gave rise to war and finally Sindh was annexed to British.

The Second Carnatic War was fought between Nasir Jung, the Nizam and his protege Muhammad Ali, supported by the English, and Chanda Sahib and Muzaffar Jung, supported by the French. The war ended with the Treaty of Pondicherry, signed in 1754, recognising Muhammad Ali Khan Walajah as the Nawab of the Carnatic. The result was that English influence prevailed in the Coromandal Coast and Carnatic.

Second Carnatic war took place between French and British without the permission of their mother countries. After the release of  Chanda Saheb  from Maratha captivity conflict started between Chanda Saheb and Anwar-ud-din for the Nawab ship of Carnatic.

The First Carnatic War (1744-48) was a continuation of the war of Austrian succession which broke out in Europe in 1740. Dupleix was the french Governor-General of Pondicherry during the war. In September 1746, the French captured the Madras almost without any opposition and the British were made prisoners of war. The war finally ended in 1748 with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.

The First Carnatic War (1744-48) was triggered by the War of the Austrian Succession. Dupleix was the french Governor-General of Pondicherry during the war. In September 1746, the French captured the Madras almost without any opposition and the British were made prisoners of war. The war finally ended in 1748 with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.

Causes for the success of the British- 1. they were commercially superior and were supported by the Home Government.
2. they had a superior Naval power.
3. they had peace in England and so they could concentrate better, on the other hand French were too busy fighting in Europe.

The Carnatic Wars were fought between the British and the French East India Company in the 18th century between 1746 and 1763. Commercial and maritime rivalry between France and England was the primary reason behind these wars. The French company was pushed to a corner and was confined primarily to Pondicherry.

The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748 ended the Anglo-French struggle. Under this, the French returned Madras to the British in exchange for Cape Breton Island in North America.

Jean-Baptiste Colbert founded the French East India Company in 1664 by establishing a trading center at Pondicherry.  Chandranagore was the headquarters of the French settlements in India. The French establishments included Pondichéry, Karikal and Yanaon on the Coromandel Coast, Mahé on the Malabar Coast and Chandernagor in Bengal.