Tag: polymer

Questions Related to polymer

Lactic acid, $ HC _{3}H _{5} O _{3},$ produced in 1 g sample of muscle tissue was titrated using phenolphthalein as indicator against $OH^{-}$ ions which were obtained by the electrolysis of water. As soon as $ OH^{-} $ ions are produced, they react with lactic acid and at complete neutralization, immediately a pink colour is noticed. If electrolysis was made for 1158 s using 50.0 mA current to reach the end point, what was the percentage of lactic acid in muscle tissue?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. 5.4 %

  2. 2.7%

  3. 10.8%

  4. 0.054%

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Correct Option: A

The monomer styrene has structural formula _______.

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. $C _6H _5-CH =CH _2$

  2. $C _6H _5-CH _2 = CH _2$

  3. $C _5H _6 - CH = CH _2$

  4. $C _5H _2-CH _2 = CH _2$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Styrene, also known as ethenylbenzene is an organic compound with molecular formula $C _6H _5CH=CH _2$

Option (A) is correct.

Which of the following polymers can be made by cationic addition polymerisation mechanism ?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. PVC

  2. PP

  3. HDPE

  4. LDPE

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

HDPE (high-density polyethene) and LDPE (low-density polyethene) polymerize by Ziegler-Natta Catalytic Polymerization reaction. 


PVC (polyvinyl chloride) polymerizes by radical polymerization. 

PP (polypropene) polymerizes by the cationic polymerization reaction.

Order the following monomers with respect to their expected reactivity toward cationic polymerization and explain your answer.
$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCH } _{ 3 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CH-{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$, $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }$.

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  2. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <{ H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  3. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

  4. $\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 } <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad$

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$\text{reactivity is proportional to tendecy of donating electron by braking double bonds.}$

$\displaystyle { H } _{ 2 }C={ CHCO } _{ 2 }{ CH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CHCl\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C{ =CHCH } _{ 3 }\quad <\quad { H } _{ 2 }C=CH\quad -{ C } _{ 6 }{ H } _{ 5 }$

An example of chain-growth polymer is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Nylon - $6,6$

  2. Bakelite

  3. Terylene

  4. Teflon

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Chain-growth polymerization or chain polymerization is a polymerization technique where unsaturated monomer molecules add onto the active site of a growing polymer chain one at a time. Growth of the polymer occurs only at one (or possibly more) ends. Addition of each monomer unit regenerates the active site.
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and teflon  are common types of plastics made by chain-growth polymerization.

Hence, option D is correct.

Polymer used in making floor tiles is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. teflon

  2. polypropylene

  3. polyvinylchloride

  4. buta-1, 3-diene

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Correct Option: C

The monomer unit of PVC is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. propene

  2. vinyl chloride

  3. vulcanised rubber

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
The monomer unit of PVC is vinyl chloride. The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

The other names of PVC is/are:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. polychloroethylene

  2. polyvinylidene chloride

  3. polychlororthene

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

The full form of PVC is:

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. polyvulcanised chloride

  2. pure vulcanised chlorine

  3. polyvinyl chloride

  4. none of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The full form of PVC is Polyvinyl chloride. It is polymer of vinyl chloride.
$ \displaystyle  \underset {  \displaystyle  \text {vinyl chloride } }{   nCH _2=   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H} \xrightarrow { \text { polymerisation }}    \underset {  \displaystyle  \text { Polyvinyl chloride
} }{   (-CH _2-   \underset {   \underset {\displaystyle Cl}{|}  }{C} H -) _n}$

Which of the following is added to improve flexibility of PVC?

chemistry petrochemicals and polymers addition polymerisation types of polymerisation reactions polymer

  1. Rubber

  2. Plasticizers

  3. Ethane

  4. Flexicizers

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

With some additives in PVC, the physical and mechanical properties are improved.

Different additives such as plasticizers, fillers, stabilizer, pigments were mixed. These are added in order to increase the elongation i.e; its flexibility.