Tag: botany

Marginal placentation is a feature of the family Leguminosae or Fabaceae. The flowers show monocarpellary apocarpous gynoecium with the placenta being developed on the ridge along the ventral suture and the ovules are borne on this ridge. This type of placentation is called marginal placentation.

A swollen leaf base is called as Pulvinus. This type of leaves are seen in legume plants. The swelling results due to change in the turgor pressure. Night closure movement of legume leaves shows this pulvinar movement. The pulvinus protects the young axillary bud.

Abrus precatorius, commonly known as jequirity bean, rosary pea, crab eye seed is a herbaceous flowering plant belonging to Fabaceae. It is a slender perennial climber with long, pinnate leafleted leaves that twines around trees, shrubs and hedges. The seeds of Abrus precatorius are much valued in native jewellery for their bright colouration and are very consistent in weight. Formerly, these seeds were used to weigh gold. So, the correct answer is 'Abrus precatorius'.

• Butea monosperma, commonly known as flame of the forest and bastard teek is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine and dye.

• Xylia xylocarpa is a perennial tree belonging to family Fabaceae. It produces timber, medicine and the seeds are edible.

• So, the correct answer is 'Butea monosperma and Xylia xylocarpa'.

Cajanus cajan, commonly known as pigeon pea is a perennial legume belonging to family Fabaceae. It is most commonly used as food and consumed on a large scale mainly in South Asia and is a major source of protein for the population of the Indian subcontinent.

The Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as pea, bean or legume family are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs, perennial or annual herbaceous plants which can be easily recognised by fruits (legume). It includes a variety of pulses such as chickpea, garden pea and important agricultural and food plants such as soya bean, beans, alfalfa, peanut etc.

Compositae which is also known as Asteraceae is a large, widespread and economically important family of flowering plants. This family is known as Compositae because many species have composite flowers in the form of flower heads. It provides products such as cooking oils, lettuce, sunflower seeds, herbal tea etc.

Oryza sativa, commonly known as Asian rice or rice is the plant species belonging to family Poaceae. It has been cultivated since ancient times. It is one of the most important grains since it is consumed by half of the world population. The oil deriving from rice, namely rice bran oil (RBO), is one of the most commonly used cooking oils in Asia, and the major by-product of the rice milling industry. So, the correct answer is 'Poaceae'.

Disciflorae is an artificial group of plants based on Bentham and Hooker classification. The group Disciflorae are polypetalous and dicotyledonous. It comprises flowers having prominent disc-shaped thalamus below the ovary. The ovary is superior. Fabaceae or Leguminosae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. Fabaceae belongs to the series Disciflorae

In agriculture, green manure is created by leaving uprooted or sown crop parts to grow on the field so that they improve soil properties. In green manure, quick-growing crops such as Crotolaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum which are cultivated and ploughed into the soil which increases crop yield by 30-50%. Crotolaria juncea, commonly known as Indian hemp is a tropical Asian plant belonging to family Fabaceae. Alhagi camerolum, commonly known as camelthorn belongs to family Fabaceae. So, the correct answer is 'Crotolaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum'.