Tag: botany

Twisted aestivation is found in Malvaceae family. The characteristics of this family include, hypogynous, pentamerous flowers, presence of epicalyx, twisted aestivation of petals, basal part of the petals united with the basal part of the staminal tube, stamens are monadelphous and axile placentation. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Solanaceae is the potato family of flowering plant. It is also called as nightshade family. The gynoecium of Solanaceae members consists of a single compound pistil of 2 carpels, a single style and a superior ovary with 2 locules by false partitioning, each with numerous axile ovules. A nectary disk is present around the base of the ovary. Thus, the fruit is a berry or septicidal capsule.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

All pulses belong to family Fabaceae. The flowers in Fabaceae family are perigynous and zygomorphic. The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The petals are overlapping in bud with the posterior petal outermost in position. The two lowermost petals are joined together called as the keel petals. The lateral petals are often called as the wings. The pistil is simple, consisting of a single style and stigma and a superior ovary with one locule containing many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume.

Fabaceae is famous as Leguminosae or bean and pea family. This single monophyletic family possess three sub-families such as Mimosoideae, Papilionoideae, Caesalpinioideae.

While the family is known by the presence of five sepals, zygomorphic flower, gamosepalous. It has imbricate aestivation. The placentation is marginal with one elongated placenta on one side of the ovary (superior). Its ovules attached at the fusion of the carpel's margins and not axile (where the ovary is divided by radial spokes with placentas in separate locules).

Therefore, the correct answer is option E.

The androecium is the male part of an angiospermic flower which is composed of two or more stamens. They are called essential organs because the androecium is involved in reproduction. In Fabaceae, the stamens are 10,  diadelphous and anthers are dithecous. Diadelphous stamens are those which are united by their filaments so as to form two groups.

The gynoecium is the female reproductive organs of a flower which is composed of a group of pistils. In Fabaceae, the ovary is superior, monocarpellary, unilocular with many ovules, style is single. Hence, the gynoecium of Fabaceae is monocarpellary.

• Medicago sativa, commonly known as Alfalfa is a perennial flowering plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important fodder plant in many countries around the world.

• Melilotus indicus is a yellow-flowered herb native to northern Africa, Europe and Asia. It is an annual and perennial herb. It is used as a source of nectar, fodder and soil improver.

• Trifolium alexandrinum, commonly known as Egyptian clover or Berseen clover is an annual clover cultivated mostly in irrigated subtropical regions. It is used as fodder mainly for cattle and milk buffalo.

• So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.

Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as pea, bean or legume family and are a large and economically important family of flowering plants. It includes trees, shrubs and perennial or annual herbaceous plants which can be easily recognised by a fruit (legume). The ovary is most typically develops into legume. A legume is a simple, dry fruit that usually dehisces on two sides. Legume is commonly known as a pod.

Peanut or groundnut, taxonomically classified as Arachis hypogaea is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seed and oil present in the seed. It is widely grown in tropics and subtropics, is important to both small and large commercial producers. It is classified both as a grain legume and as an oil crop. Peanut oil is used in cooking. So, the correct answer is 'Arachis hypogaea'.

Root nodules are present on the roots of plants (primarily Fabaceae) which is associated with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with a host-specific strain of bacteria known as rhizobia. Nodulated roots are characteristic of Fabaceae. The Fabaceae include legume crops such as peas and beans.