Tag: pictorial feature of plant kingdom

Gemmae are specialized, multicellular, green, asexual buds produced in small receptacles called gemma cups on the thallus of liverworts like Marchantia.

The leaf-like structures of moss gametophytes are photosynthetic and contain chloroplasts, but they lack true stomata. Stomata are present on the sporophyte capsule rather than the gametophytic leaves.

Polytrichum is a bryophyte (moss) which exhibits a dominant, independent gametophytic phase alternated by a multicellular sporophyte that is physically dependent on the gametophyte.

In Hepaticopsida (liverworts like Marchantia and Riccia), the rhizoids are unicellular and are of two distinct types: smooth-walled and tuberculate (pegged).

In several liverworts like Marchantia, elaters are hygroscopic, diploid, sterile cells found inside the capsule that help in spore dispersal by twisting and untwisting in response to moisture changes.

Polytrichum is a bryophyte (moss), whereas Selaginella, Equisetum, and Salvinia are all pteridophytes.

Mosses (bryophytes) are traditionally called the amphibians of the plant kingdom because they live on land but require water for sexual reproduction. While ferns are pteridophytes, this description is the best fit among the options.

The majority of liverworts (Hepaticae) have a dorsiventrally flattened, thalloid plant body (such as Marchantia and Riccia), although some leafy (foliose) forms also exist.

Statements (i), (ii), and (iii) are correct. Statement (iv) is incorrect because the sporophyte in mosses is more elaborate than in liverworts. Statement (v) is incorrect because Pinus is monoecious, while Marchantia is dioecious.

Algae are autotrophic (a-r), Riccia is a liverwort (b-s), Spirogyra is commonly known as pond scum (c-q), and Gnetum is a gymnosperm (d-p). This corresponds to option A.