Tag: option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics

Quizzes (20) Questions (191)

Questions Related to option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

A culture of Mycobacterium leprae was subjected to alkaline ethanol extraction prior to acid-fast staining. The colour of the culture following staining will be

  1. Red

  2. Green

  3. Yellow

  4. Blue
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A culture of Mycobacterium leprae was subjected to alkaline ethanol extraction prior to acid-fast staining. The colour of the culture following staining will be red because it is an acid-fast bacteria as it contains a large amount of lipoidal material in their cell wall which prevents penetration of decolorizing solution.

So, the correct answer is 'Red'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Gram positive bacteria are more rigid than Gram negative bacteria because of the 

  1. presence of multiple layers of peptidoglycan

  2. lack of D-amino acids in their cell wall

  3. presence of N-acetylgalactosamine in the peptidoglycan backbone

  4. presence of lipopolysaccharide
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Because gram-positive bacteria are surrounded by layers of peptidoglycan which is many times thicker than is found in the gram negatives. Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, which is surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide which is not present in gram-positive bacteria.

So, the correct answer is 'presence of multiple layers of peptidoglycan'.
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Mesosomes were taken as

  1. Golgi bodies

  2. Plastids

  3. Mitochondria

  4. Endoplasmic recticulum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In the vesicle of mesosomes, the respiratory enzymes and the components of electron transport such as ATPase, dehydrogenase, cytochrome are present in low amount. So, they were considered anologous to mitochondria for their respiratory function. 

So, the correct option is 'Mitochondria'.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Which of the following statements is false?

  1. Bacteria glycocalyx differ in composition and thickness among diffrent bacteria.

  2. Bacterial envelope has a layered structure and each layer has a distinct function but they act as a single structure

  3. Bacteria are organelle less and contains ribosomes

  4. Number and arrangements of flagella is variable in bacteria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

____________ is a microbial bio-control agent.

  1. Pseudomonas

  2. Penicillium

  3. Bacillus thuringiensis

  4. Clostridium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pseudomonas are aerobic, gram-negative bacteria, ubiquitous in agricultural soils, and are well adapted to growing in the rhizosphere. Pseudomonads possess many traits that make them well suited as biocontrol and growth-promoting agents. 

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Difference in Gram +ve  and Gram -ve bacteria is due to

  1. Cell wall

  2. Cell membrane

  3. Ribosome

  4. Cytoplasm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The cell wall of certain bacteria shows a characteristic reaction to the stain devised by C. Gram. Those bacteria which retain the stain are known as Gram positive and those which do not retain the stain are called Gram negative.

  • The cell wall in bacteria contains peptidoglycan, a polymer of N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl muramic acid and amino acids.
  • Gram-positive cell walls contain a thick layer of peptidoglycan that encircles the cell.
  • Gram-negative cell walls contain a thin layer of peptidoglycan between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Bacterial cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan, a complex of oligosaccharides and proteins.        The oligosaccharide component consist of _________

  1. Linear chain of alternating NAG and NAM linked by ${\alpha}$ (1 -4) linkage
  2. Linear chains of alternating NAG and NAM linked by ${\beta}$ (1-4) linkage.
  3. Linear chain of glucose linked by $4{\beta}$ (1-4) linkage.
  4. Linear chain of glucose linked by ${\alpha}$ (1-4) linkage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The oligosaccharide component of bacterial cell wall consists of linear chains of alternating NAG and NAM linked by ${\beta}$ (1-4)linkage.

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Gram-negative bacteria that cause infections, when stained,  do not retain the crystal violet stain, which tells the researcher that

  1. The peptidoglycan layer is thick and the bacteria are resistant to antibiotics.

  2. The peptidoglycan layer is very thin and the bacteria is susceptible to antibiotics.

  3. The peptidoglycan layer is very thin and the bacteria are resistant to antibiotics.

  4. The peptidoglycan layer contains an impermeable lipid layer.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The peptidoglycan layer of the gram negative bacteria are thin and are also referred to as the cell envelope. The layer is wavy and provides resistance to antibiotics. They are more virulent as compared to Gram positive bacteria

So, the correct answer is 'The peptidoglycan layer is very thin and the bacteria are resistant to antibiotics'

Multiple choice botany option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics gram staining microbiology: organisms in industry cell wall and cell membrane

Cell organelles are the parts of a living cell. All cells have a cell membrane and some cells have a cell wall.
 Which of the following has a cell wall? 
 I. Plants
 II. Bacteria
 III. Fungi

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. I and II only

  4. II and III only

  5. I, II and III
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation
  • Cell wall is the outermost, rigid, protective, non-living and supportive layer found in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists but absent in animal cells.

1. Plants cell wall is made up of cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Cellulose is a polymer of glucose and pectin is a polymer of galactouronic acid.

2. Bacterial cell wall is made up of protein lipid polysaccharide NAG (N-Acetyl Glucosamine) and NAM (N-Acetyl Muramic Acid).

3. Fungal cell wall is made up of chitin which is a polymer of glucosamine.
Hence all options are correct.

So, the correct answer is 'I, II and III'.