Tag: endocrine system in humans
Questions Related to endocrine system in humans
Which of the following is a hormone?
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Vitamin D
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Thyroxine
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Adrenaline
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All of the above
Vitamin D is a hormone produced by the kidneys that help to control the concentration of calcium in the blood and is vital for the development of strong bones. Thyroxine, also called as 3,5,3,5-tetraiodothyronine, or $T _ 4$, is one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland. Epinephrine, more commonly known as adrenaline, is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands.
Which one of the following flows directly into blood from the site of its production to act on an organ away from it?
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Enzyme
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Hormone
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Blood
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Lymph
The hormone is a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids, such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. Usually, it is a class of signaling molecules, produced by glands in multicellular organisms, that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour.
Which of the following has no connection with secretion of hormones?
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Rickets and mongolism
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Diabetes mellitus and cretinism
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Gigantism and exophthalmia
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Cretinism and diabetes
Rickets is defective mineralization or calcification of bones before epiphyseal closure in immature mammals due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, leading to fractures and deformity.
Which of the following is first aid hormone?
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Vitamin D
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Catecholamines
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Kinins
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Thymosin
The local hormones are known as kinins, which are released to overcome changes in body tissues. Kinins help in vasodilation and increase blood supply to the affected part, causing a mild local pain. Thus, they act as the first aid of the body. The sensation of pain at the time of stinging by a poisonous insect, burning or internal injury is due to kinins. So, they are called, first aid hormones.
Match the list I with list II and choose the correct option.
List I | List II | ||
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A | Oxytocin | 1 | Milk ejection hormone |
B | Glucagon | 2 | Increase in heart rate |
C | Adrenaline | 3 | Increases blood glucose |
D | Thyroxine | 4 | Controls BMR |
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A- 1, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4
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A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1
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A-3, B- 4, C- 2, D- 1
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A- 4, B- 2, C- 1, D- 3
Pheromones when secreted upon the skin surface, its odour generally affect
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Skin colour
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Genitalia
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Breast
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Mutual behaviour of members of a species
Pheromones are the chemicals or compounds which have peculiar odour. These are secreted and released by the organisms with the help of glands present on the skin surface at various locations. These pheromones have odour which help in attracting the other member of the same species. The pheromone initiates a neuronal response and there is change in the physiolodical behaviour of the organism. There are various forms of pheromones like alarm pheromeones, food trail phereomeones and sex phereomones.
Which one of the following does not match in biological category of chemical substance?
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Gastrin
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Thyroxine
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Oxytocin
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Creatinine
The chemical substances that are secreted by cells/tissues or glands are categorised as biological substances. It includes digestive juices, hormones and other secretions. Gastrin, thyroxin and oxytocin are the hormones secreted by stomach, thyroid gland and posterior pituitary respectively. These are biochemical substances. Creatinine is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate and does not fall under the biological category of chemical substances. Thus, the correct answer is D.
Which of the following hormones regulate growth and metamorphosis in insects?
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Juvenile hormone
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Brain hormone
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Ecdyson
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Prothoracicotropic hormone
Juvenile hormone (JH), produced by the corpora allata, regulates two important processes in insects. The first is development; as an insect develops, the degree juvenility of the next stage is determined by the amount of JH in the blood; the lower the JH, the more adult the next stage. The other function of JH is, in many insects, to regulate the production of eggs in the female's ovaries. Because mating behavior is often synchronized with the ovarian cycle, the mating behaviour and pheromone production to be linked with JH.
Mark the correct statement
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Hormones secreted by the endocrine system have to be carried throughout the body by the circulating fluid
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All the extra substance in the body are removed by excretory system
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Both A and B
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None of these
Both statements are true so (c) will be the correct answer. All the extra water, excess salts and the nitrogenous wastes such as Urea have to be sent to the excretory system to be thrown out of the body.
Hormones are also known as
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Impetus
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Basics
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Acids
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None of the above
- A hormone is derived from Greek"impetus" which is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
- Hormones in animals are often transported in the blood.
- Cells respond to a hormone when they express a specific receptor for that hormone. Hence, Hormones are also known as Impetus. So, the correct answer is 'Impetus'.