Tag: endocrine system in humans

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Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is a hormone?

  1. Vitamin D

  2. Thyroxine

  3. Adrenaline

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin D is a hormone produced by the kidneys that help to control the concentration of calcium in the blood and is vital for the development of strong bones. Thyroxine, also called as 3,5,3,5-tetraiodothyronine, or $T _ 4$, is one of the two major hormones secreted by the thyroid gland. Epinephrine, more commonly known as adrenaline, is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which one of the following flows directly into blood from the site of its production to act on an organ away from it?

  1. Enzyme

  2. Hormone

  3. Blood

  4. Lymph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hormone is a regulatory substance produced in an organism and transported in tissue fluids, such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action. Usually, it is a class of signaling molecules, produced by glands in multicellular organisms, that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following has no connection with secretion of hormones?

  1. Rickets and mongolism

  2. Diabetes mellitus and cretinism

  3. Gigantism and exophthalmia

  4. Cretinism and diabetes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Rickets is defective mineralization or calcification of bones before epiphyseal closure in immature mammals due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, leading to fractures and deformity. 

Down syndrome, trisomy 21 or the older term mongolism is a condition in which a person is born with certain distinctive features: flat face, short neck and a degree of mental delay (mental retardation). It is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra third copy of chromosome 21.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is first aid hormone? 

  1. Vitamin D

  2. Catecholamines

  3. Kinins

  4. Thymosin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The local hormones are known as kinins, which are released to overcome changes in body tissues. Kinins help in vasodilation and increase blood supply to the affected part, causing a mild local pain. Thus, they act as the first aid of the body. The sensation of pain at the time of stinging by a poisonous insect, burning or internal injury is due to kinins. So, they are called, first aid hormones.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Match the list I with list II and choose the correct option.

   List I    List II
 A  Oxytocin  1  Milk ejection hormone
 B  Glucagon   2  Increase in heart rate
 C  Adrenaline  3  Increases blood glucose
 D  Thyroxine  4  Controls BMR

  1. A- 1, B- 3, C- 2, D- 4

  2. A- 2, B- 3, C- 4, D- 1

  3. A-3, B- 4, C- 2, D- 1

  4. A- 4, B- 2, C- 1, D- 3

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Oxytocin - Milk ejection hormone
Oxytocin is a mammalian hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain.
In women, it is released mainly after distension of the cervix and vagina during labor, and after stimulation of the nipples, facilitating birth and breastfeeding, respectively.
Glucagon - Increases blood glucose
Glucagon strongly opposes the action of insulin; it raises the concentration of glucose in the blood by promoting glycogenolysis, which is the breakdown of glycogen (the form in which glucose is stored in the liver), and by stimulating gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose.
Adrenaline - Increase in heart rate
Epinephrine, more commonly known as adrenaline, is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands. Strong emotions such as fear or anger cause epinephrine to be released into the bloodstream, which causes an increase in heart rate, muscle strength, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism.
Thyroxine - Controls BMR
Thyroxine is the main hormone secreted into the bloodstream by the thyroid gland. It is the inactive form and most of it is converted to an active form called triiodothyronine by organs such as the liver and kidneys.
Thyroid hormones play vital roles in regulating the body’s metabolic rate, heart and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development and maintenance of bones.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Pheromones when secreted upon the skin surface, its odour generally affect 

  1. Skin colour

  2. Genitalia

  3. Breast

  4. Mutual behaviour of members of a species
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Pheromones are the chemicals or compounds which have peculiar odour. These are secreted and released by the organisms with the help of glands present on the skin surface at various locations. These pheromones have odour which help in attracting the other member of the same species. The pheromone initiates a neuronal response and there is change in the physiolodical behaviour of the organism. There are various forms of pheromones like alarm pheromeones, food trail phereomeones and sex phereomones.

So, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which one of the following does not match in biological category of chemical substance?

  1. Gastrin

  2. Thyroxine

  3. Oxytocin

  4. Creatinine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The chemical substances that are secreted by cells/tissues or glands are categorised as biological substances. It includes digestive juices, hormones and other secretions. Gastrin, thyroxin and oxytocin are the hormones secreted by stomach, thyroid gland and posterior pituitary respectively. These are biochemical substances. Creatinine is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate and does not fall under the biological category of chemical substances. Thus, the correct answer is D.

Multiple choice biology control and coordination in living organisms hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following hormones regulate growth and metamorphosis in insects?

  1. Juvenile hormone

  2. Brain hormone

  3. Ecdyson

  4. Prothoracicotropic hormone
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Juvenile hormone (JH), produced by the corpora allata, regulates two important processes in insects. The first is development; as an insect develops, the degree juvenility of the next stage is determined by the amount of JH in the blood; the lower the JH, the more adult the next stage. The other function of JH is, in many insects, to regulate the production of eggs in the female's ovaries. Because mating behavior is often synchronized with the ovarian cycle, the mating behaviour and pheromone production to be linked with JH.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Mark the correct statement

  1. Hormones secreted by the endocrine system have to be carried throughout the body by the circulating fluid

  2. All the extra substance in the body are removed by excretory system

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Both statements are true so (c) will be the correct answer. All the extra water, excess salts and the nitrogenous wastes such as Urea have to be sent to the excretory system to be thrown out of the body.

Multiple choice biology the endocrine system hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Hormones are also known as 

  1. Impetus

  2. Basics

  3. Acids

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A hormone is derived from Greek"impetus" which is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism.
  •  Hormones in animals are often transported in the blood.
  •  Cells respond to a hormone when they express a specific receptor for that hormone. Hence, Hormones are also known as Impetus. 
    •  So, the correct answer is 'Impetus'.