Tag: control and coordination in living organisms

Questions Related to control and coordination in living organisms

Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the endocrine system?

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in trace amounts that acts as intercellular messenger are known as hormones

  2. Releasing and inhibitory hormones are produced by the pituitary gland

  3. Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation of the hypothalamus

  4. Organs in the body like gastrointestinal tract, heart, kidney and liver do not produce ay hormones

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Correct Option: A

Aakash has a swollen neck. He is losing his weight from last few months drastically. When checked, the heart rate also seems to be increased. He claims that he is not able to sleep properly and he feels restless. What can be the probable diagnosis of this situation?

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Hyperthyroidism

  2. Hypothyroidism

  3. Diabetes Mellitus

  4. Insomnia

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) occurs when your thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism can accelerate your body's metabolism, causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heartbeat.

You see a dog running towards you and you felt that your respiration and heart beat has started increasing and then you also started running. Which hormone has been responsible for this?

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Adrenaline

  2. Cortisone

  3. Insulin

  4. Thyroxine

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The production of adrenaline occurs in the adrenal glands, which sit above the kidneys. Adrenaline is responsible for the fight-or-flight reaction to a threat, and it triggers specific processes in the body. For example, it might make the body send extra oxygen to the lungs to aid a person to run away.


Alex these days feels exhausted without doing any work. He has got infections. He gets hungry and thirsty easily. He goes to washroom every now and then. What do you diagnose?

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Goitre

  2. Cretinism

  3. Myxedema

  4. Diabetes Mellitus

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Polyphagia is the medical term used to describe excessive hunger or increased appetite and is one of the 3 main signs of diabetes. ... Also known as hyperphagia, it is one of the three main symptoms of diabetes, along with: Polydipsia (increased thirst) and. Polyuria (frequent, excessive urination)

Ishika's mother visited doctor's clinic yesterday. After looking at the blood report, doctor asked her not to eat sweet dishes or avoid intake of sugar. What do you think what can be the reason for this advise given by the doctor? Choose the right option for this case.

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. The thyroid secretion is increased in the body due to which the sugar level in the body is increased.

  2. The adrenaline is secreted due to which her mother eats more sweet dishes when seen.

  3. The insulin secretion is decreased due to which the blood sugar level is increased.

  4. The insulin secretion is increased due to which the blood sugar level is increased.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

With too little insulin, the body can no longer move glucose from the blood into the cells, causing high blood glucose levels. If the glucose level is high enough, excess glucose spills into the urine. This makes the body tired and can cause weight loss.

Hormones are carried from endocrine system to target organs linked through

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Blood

  2. Lymph

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hormones secreted by the endocrine system have to be carried throughout to body by the circulating blood to act where ever required.

The endocrine system which of the following functions?

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. The endocrine system is responsible for regulating gene expression.

  2. The endocrine system is responsible for regulating dominant genes.

  3. The endocrine system is responsible for releasing, monitoring and regulating hormones.

  4. The endocrine system is responsible for communication between sensory systems.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The endocrine system do not regulate gene expression nor controls the release of dominant genes. It is also not responsible for communication between sensory system but is responsible for releasing, monitoring and regulating hormones.

Steroid hormones regulate gene activity through

biology control and coordination in living organisms feedback mechanism mechanism of hormone action and feedback mechanisms role of hormones in coordination

  1. Transcription

  2. Binding with specific DNA sites

  3. Removing the repressor molecules

  4. The formation of a receptor complex

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Steroids, though actually enter the cell and interact with steroid receptor proteins to control gene expression. In steroid receptor proteins, the N-terminal region of the protein is required to activate transcription. Negative and positive autoregulatory feedback loops serve to limit or augment hormonal responses, respectively. Autoregulation of the mRNAs encode oestrogen, progesterone, androgen, and glucocorticoid receptors by the steroid hormones in reproductive tissues. These post-transcriptional mRNA effects cause steroid hormones to impact the expression of a large population of genes. 

Who among the following discovered the conditioned reflexes?

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  1. Sherington

  2. Hill

  3. Pavlov

  4. Berstain

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Conditioned reflex is automatic responses to certain stimuli learnt during lifetime/training. It was studied by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov during his experiment on induction of salivation in dogs. Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Which one of the following pairs of organs includes only the endocrine glands?

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  1. Thymus and testes

  2. Adrenal and eye

  3. Parathyroid and adrenal

  4. Pancreas and parathyroid

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Hormones are secreted by the endocrine system. Endocrine glands do not have ducts. Their secretions (hormones) are secreted into the bloodstream. Discrete endocrine glands - these include the pituitary (hypophysis), thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal and pineal glands. Endocrine component of glands with both an endocrine and an exocrine function- these include the kidney, pancreas and gonads.