Tag: tissues of animals

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Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

In a culture of E.coli the cell population increased from $1.5 \times 10^6$ cells /ml to $ 12 \times 10^6$ cells/ml in 36 minute.The generation time is 

  1. 6 mt

  2. 9 mt

  3. 12 mt

  4. 18 mt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

At the start, the culture of E. coli has cell population of 1.5 X 10$^6$ cells/ml. After first generation, it will be doubled, that is 3 X 10$^6$ cells/ml. After second generation, it will be 6 X 10$^6$ cells/ml. After third generation, it will be 12 X 10$^6$ cells/ ml. It is given that for a cell population to increase from 1. 5 X 10$^6$ cells/ml to 12 X 10$^6$ cells/ml, it takes 36 minutes. It means, for 3 generation, it takes 36 minutes. So, its generation time is 36/3 = 12.

Thus, the correct answer option C.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Cdk which control progression through cell cycle check points are fully activated by.

  1. Binding to cyclin

  2. Phosphorylation by Cdk activating protein kinase

  3. Binding to cyclin, plus phosphorylation by Cdk activating protein kinase

  4. Phosphorylation by tyrosine kinase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Through phosphorylation, Cdks signal the cell that it is ready to pass into the next stage of the cell cycle. As their name suggests, Cyclin-Dependent ProteinKinases are dependent on cyclins, another class of regulatory proteins. Cyclins bind to Cdks, activating the Cdks to phosphorylate other molecules.

So, the correct option is ‘binding to cyclin, plus, phosphorylation by Cdk activating protein kinases’.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Which cellular organelles are involved in initration of intrinsic pathway of apoptosis?

  1. ER

  2. lysosme

  3. mitochondria

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The death of cells which occurs as a normal and controlled part of an organism's growth or development is called apoptosis. In this endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, mitochondria, Golgi complex are involved.

So, the correct option is ‘ER, lysosome, mitochondria’. 

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Which represents the correct sequence of stages in the cell cycle?

  1. $G _1$ ,$G _2$, S,M
  2. $G _1$, $G _2$,M,S
  3. $G _1$ ,M, $G _2$,S
  4. $G _1$ , S, $G _2$,M
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The cell progresses through defined phases of the cell cycle during its division.

first, the G1 in which some organelles starts their duplication then comes S phase where DNA has doubled then G2 phase and finally the M phase. 
So the correct sequence is 'G1,S,G2,M'.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Of the total duration of cell cycle, the interphase lasts more than.

  1. $95$%
  2. $5$%
  3. $90$%
  4. $92$%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle, occupying approximately 90 to 95 percent of the total time in most actively dividing cells.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

The cell is not allowed to past the cell cycle restriction point, DNA damage is detected. Which of the following proteins are involved in detection of DNA damage and inhibition of cycle at the restriction point?

  1. Replication protein A (RPA)

  2. ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated ) protein

  3. Cyclin D

  4. PSS
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. Replication protein (RPA) - is the major protein that binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in eukaryotic cells. ... During DNA replication, RPA prevents single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from winding back on itself or from forming secondary structures.

B. ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated ) protein

 It activates checkpoint signalling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor.

C.Cyclin D - a member of the cyclin protein family that is involved in regulating cell cycle progression. 

D.PSS - an autoimmune disease of the connective tissue. It is characterized by thickening of the skin caused by the accumulation of collagen, and by injuries to small arteries.

So, the correct option is ‘Replication protein A (RPA)’.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

In order to enter cell cycle a cell must be stimulated from outside. What type of molecule provides this stimulation?

  1. cyclin

  2. colk

  3. cytokines and growth factor

  4. tyrosine kinases
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cyclin-dependent kinases, through phosphorylation,  signal the cell that it is ready to pass into the next stage of the cell cycle. As their name suggests, Cyclin-Dependent Protein Kinases are dependent on cyclins, another class of regulatory proteins. Cyclins bind to Cdks, activating the Cdks to phosphorylate other molecules.

So, the correct option is 'cyclin'.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Select the correct option:

A cell cycle includes

  1. Interphase and M phase

  2. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase
  3. $G _1$, S and $G _2$ phases

  4. Karyokinesis and cytokinesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The cell cycle starts from interphase . Interphase is the phase in the cell cycle that prepare a cell and its nucleus for division. It has three stages- $G _1,S $ and $G _2$.M- phase is the final phase of cell cycle..It represent the phase of actual division. It consists of karyokinesis (division of nucleus ) and cytokinesis (division of cell protoplast).

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Select the correct option:

Which one is the correct sequence of a cell cycle?

  1. $G _2 \rightarrow M \rightarrow G _1 \rightarrow S$
  2. $S \rightarrow G _2 \rightarrow M \rightarrow G _1$
  3. $G _1 \rightarrow S \rightarrow G _2 \rightarrow M$
  4. $M \rightarrow G _1 \rightarrow S \rightarrow G _2$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cell cycle starts from interphase . Interphase is the phase in the cell cycle that prepare a cell and its nucleus for division. It has three stages- $G _1,S $ and $G _2$.M- phase is the final phase of cell cycle..It represent the phase of actual division. It consists of karyokinesis (division of nucleus ) and cytokinesis (division of cell protoplast).

So, the correct answer is 'G1→S→G2→M'.

Multiple choice biology division for growth and reproduction cell division in embryo development structure of chromosome, cell cycle and cell division component of the cell different types of reproduction reproductive health of humans need of family planning tissues of animals mitosis reproductive health

Select the correct option:

Synthesis of histone proteins occurs in 

  1. $G _1$ phase

  2. Interphase

  3. Anaphase
  4. $G _0$ phase
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The cell cycle is a sequence of event which occurs during cell growth and cell division. It has two phases; interphase and the M phase. Interphase is the period between the end of 1 division and the beginning of next cell division. It is also known as resting phase or the non-dividing stage.

It has three phases G₁ phase which is the post-mitotic phase, the synthetic phase which is the S phase and the G₂ phase. During the S phase, DNA replication takes place and the amount becomes double. Here the synthesis of histone protein and non-histone chromosomal proteins also takes place.
So, the correct option is 'Interphase'