Tag: bio-chemistry

Questions Related to bio-chemistry

The synthesis of ATP in photosynthesis and respiration is essentially an oxidation-reduction process involving removal of energy from 

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. Oxygen

  2. Phytochrome

  3. Cytochrome

  4. Electrons

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Synthesis of ATP in photosynthesis as well as respiration is possible by the help of several oxidation and reduction reactions. This can be termed as redox reactions. This involves the excitation of electrons from ground state to excited state and vice - versa. ATP is called as the energy currency of cell.

Which one of the following is energy currency of the cell?

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. Phosphate

  2. ATP

  3. ADP

  4. AMP

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The major energy currency molecule of the cell is ATP. This complex  molecule is critical for all life froms, the simplest to the most complex. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes.

In photosynthesis energy from light reaction to dark reaction is transferred in the form of 

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. ADP

  2. ATP

  3. RUDP

  4. Chlorophyll

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

ATP is the energy currency. Assimilatory power is the power of plants in the form of ATP and NADPH to obtain food in the form of carbohydrates from the reduction of $CO _2$ during photosynthesis.

Usable energy available from respiration is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 10%

  2. 30%

  3. 40%

  4. 50%

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

One mole of glucose on complete oxidation to carbon dioxide and water produces about 690,000 calories. About 10,000 calories are needed to form the high energy phosphate bonds in one mole of ATP. 36 or 38 moles of ATP formed in respiration process will trap 360,000 or 380,000 calories. The remaining 330, 000 or 310,000 calories are lost as heat. Thus about 52% of the energy released from glucose is trapped in ATP. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Number of ATP molecules formed during complete oxidation of fructose 1, 6-diphosphate is 

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 20

  2. 32

  3. 36

  4. 40

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate is formed during glycolysis as an intermediate product when glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is converted into fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate and enzme phosphofructokinase is used for this. Fructose generally results in the formation of a higher amount of energy after oxidation and in this case, it is more than glucose.

So, the correct option is '40'

The net gain of energy from one gram mole of glucose during aerobic respiration is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 2 ATP

  2. 4 ATP

  3. 38 ATP

  4. 40 ATP.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

If a cell is undergoing aerobic respiration then it will first undergo glycolysis which is the first breakdown of glucose in the cell and then Krebs cycle.

The net gain of ATP in glycolysis is 8 and the net gain of ATP in Krebs cycle including the substrate phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation is 30. So, the total gain of ATP is 38 from one molecule of glucose.
So, the correct option is '38 ATP'

Common immediate source of energy in cellular activity is 

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. DNA

  2. ATP

  3. RNA

  4. NAD.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate. The energy released by oxidation of organic molecules is transferred into high energy phosphate bonds of ATP, which can be readily utilised when a cell needs energy. One of the three phosphates of ATP is broken down to release energy. Thus, ATP is the intermediate energy transferring compound. 

So, the correct option is  'ATP'

The amount of energy given by one mole of ATP is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 7.3 kcal

  2. 721 kcal

  3. 7600 kcal

  4. 1000 kcal

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Correct Option: A

Energy currency (reservoir) of the cells is

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. AMP

  2. ATP

  3. ENA

  4. DNA

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

ATP or adenosine triphosphate is considered to be the energy currency of the cell as it has three high energy phosphate bonds.

When the cell needs energy on of the first bond of the ATP is broken down and energy is used for cellular needs.
In the entire body wherever energy or heat generation takes place it results in the conservation of energy in the form of ATP so that the minimum amount of heat is lost and the body can store ATP for future use.
So, the correct option is 'ATP'

Oxidation of a molecule of acetyl CoA produces

bio-chemistry carbohydrate metabolism energy output living organisms and energy production respiration in cell

  1. 12 ATP

  2. 15 ATP

  3. 6 ATP

  4. 19 ATP.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The acetyl CoA produced from pyruvic acid as a result of link reaction enters Krebs' cycle by forming citric acid from oxaloacetic acid. When 1 molecule of acetyl CoA completes 1 round of Krebs' cycle, it produces 3 NADH+H+, 1 FADH2 and 1 ATP. So after going through ETS, a total of 12 ATP is yielded ( 3*3  + 1*2  + 1 ).

So the answer is '12ATP'.