Tag: cell biology

Questions Related to cell biology

Which one is not properly paired?

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Golgi apparatus- Breaking of complex macromolecules

  2. Endoplasmic reticulum- Protein synthesis

  3. Mitochondria- Oxidative phosphorylation

  4. Chloroplasts- Photosynthesis

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A. Golgi apparatus is an organelle found in the eukaryotic cells which forms a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm that is involved in secretion and helps in intracellular transport.
B. The endoplasmic reticulum (smooth and rough) is an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs which helps in the synthesis of lipids (SER) and proteins (RER).
C. The mitochondria is a double-membraned cell organelle (powerhouse of the cell) which is the site of the ETC and synthesis of ATP molecule or oxidative phosphorylation.
D. Chloroplast is a plastid which contains chlorophyll (green pigment) and is  present in the green parts of plants where photosynthesis takes place.
So, the correct answer is 'Golgi apparatus-Breaking of complex macromolecules'.

Most of the water found in the young cell occurs in

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Cell wall

  2. Nucleus

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. Vacuoles

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Cytoplasm is the fluid which is present in the living cell. It lies between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane. It consists of 80% water. It is a colourless liquid which holds the cell organelle and helps in intracellular and intercellular transport. The cellular process like glycolysis and the cell division occurs in the cytoplasm. 
The nucleus contains genetic material like DNA and RNA and helps in the inheritance of genetic characteristics.
The cell wall is made up of cellulose and provides structure and shape to the cell.
Vacuoles are the storage organelles which stores air, water, and food.
So, the correct answer is option C.

In rotation type of cyclosis, the cytoplasmic matrix flows in _____________.

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. One direction

  2. Two opposite directions

  3. Different directions

  4. Side-ways

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Answer is "One direction" i.e. option A
Cyclosis are movements of cytoplasm within a cell. Cylosis is said to be rotational when the protoplasm moves around a single central vacuoles in either clockwise or anticlockwise direction. Such movement of cytoplasm are observed in leaf cells of Hydrilla, Vallisneria.

Movement of cytoplasm around a vacuole is

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Circulation

  2. Rotation

  3. Regulation

  4. Somersault.

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Correct Option: B

The fluid in which organelles of the cell are suspended is called ___________.

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Cytosol

  2. Chromoplasm

  3. Chromoplast

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The cytoplasm is a fluid found in cells and the organelles suspended within. Cytoplasm is found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The fluid of cytoplasm is called cytosol.

The process of growth and division takes place in the

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Nucleus

  2. Plasma

  3. Cytoplasm

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like fluid present in cells that hold organelles and surrounded by the cell membrane. The processes of growth, expansion, as well as the division of the cell, take place in the cytoplasm. The nutrients are absorbed and stored in the cytoplasm so that these can be used by various organelles when needed. The cytoplasm also helps to dissolve the waste products. 

Cytoplasmic inheritance is due to

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Plastids

  2. Mitochondria

  3. Cytoplasmic particles

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Extranuclear inheritance or cytoplasmic inheritance is the transmission of genes that occur outside the nucleus. It is found in most eukaryotes and is commonly known to occur in cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. Mitochondria with their mitochondrial DNA from the mother's egg cell are incorporated into the zygote and passed to daughter cells,

So, the correct answer is 'All the above'.

.......... is the site for many biochemical reactions necessary to sustain life.

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Cytoplasm

  2. Ribosome

  3. Cell membrane

  4. Cell wall

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ribosomes are cell organelles, which are present in free or in bound form. They are involved in the synthesis of proteins.  
The cell membrane is the outer covering of the cell, which protects the cell. It also supports the framework of the cell. 
The cell wall is a protective outer covering of the cell. It supports the contents of the cell and protects from pathogen attack and wear and tear. It is made of cellulose, lignin. 

Cytoplasm is a gel-like substance present in all cells. All of the cell organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm. Most of the cellular activities as metabolic pathways like glycolysis, key processes like cell division occur in the cytoplasm. Hence, it is the place, where life-sustaining biochemical reactions occur. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Which one of the following is the carrier of cytoplasm male sterility factors in crop plants?

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Nuclear DNA

  2. RNA

  3. Chloroplast DNA

  4. Mitochondrial DNA

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Correct Option: A

The term cytoplasm was coined by

bio-chemistry cell biology cytoplasm the components in a cell component of the cell

  1. Sachs

  2. Strasburger

  3. Hanstein

  4. Flemming

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Cytoplasm refers to the living the material or the protoplast within a cell excluding the nucleus.
  • The term cytoplasm was coined by Eduard Strasburger in the year 1882.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Strasburger'.