Tag: reactions of acids and bases

When $HCl$ reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate, the products obtained are $NaCl,$ $H _2O$ and $CO _2$.
$\displaystyle NaHCO _3 + HCl \rightarrow NaCl + H _2O + CO _2$

When $HCl$ reacts with calcium carbonate, the products obtained are $CaCl _2$, $H _2O$ and $CO _2$.
$\displaystyle CaCO _3 + 2HCl \rightarrow CaCl _2 + H _2O + CO _2$

Acid + Metal carbonate  $\longrightarrow$ Salt + Water + Carbon dioxide

CaCO$ _3$ (calcium carbonate-metal carbonate) + 2HCl $\longrightarrow$ CaCl$ _2$ (calcium chloride-salt) + H$ _2$O + CO$ _2$

On adding iodine to caustic soda(alkali), hypoiodites are formed and the peculiar smell is of iodoform and pale yellow in color.

Metallic oxides react with acids to give salts and water, similar to the reaction of a base with an acid, metallic oxides are said to be basic oxides.

The general reaction between a metal oxide and an acid can be written as : 

Metal oxides always reacts with acid to form salt and water. Copper oxide when reacts with $HCl$ it forms blue-green copper(II) chloride. 

The non-metal oxides can be neutralized with a base to form a salt and water.

Sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus are non-metals and form non-metallic oxides. $H _2SO _4$ is an acid.