Tag: divisions of nervous system

This question is ambiguous. Alcohol affects MULTIPLE brain regions - cerebral cortex (judgment, disinhibition), cerebellum (coordination, balance), and medulla (respiration at high doses). The claimed answer B (cerebellum) explains ataxia but not alcohol's primary effects. If the question means 'coordination', B is correct. If it means intoxication generally, cortex (C) is more accurate. Given the options, cerebellum is likely the intended answer for motor effects.

Peristalsis of the intestines is the example of the action of the autonomous nervous system. The organs of our body (viscera), such as the heart, intestines and stomach, are regulated by a branch of the nervous system known as the autonomic nervous system. It consists of autonomic neurons that conduct impulses from the central nervous system (brain and/or spinal cord) to glands, smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. ANS neurons are responsible for regulating the secretions of certain glands (i.e., salivary glands) and the regulation of heart rate and peristalsis (contraction of smooth muscle in the digestive tract), among other functions. So, the correct answer is option D.

In mammals, the purely sensory cranial nerves are the Olfactory (I), Optic (II), and Vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerves. There are three such pairs.

The parasympathetic nervous system promotes digestive activities, including gastrointestinal secretions and peristalsis, following the ingestion of food.

The frontal lobe is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions, including decision-making, planning, problem-solving, and intellectual ability.

The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for stress by increasing heart rate. It typically inhibits digestive secretions like saliva.

Preganglionic fibers in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system are cholinergic, meaning they release acetylcholine.

The foramen magnum is the large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes to connect with the brain.

The sympathetic nervous system is activated during stress, triggering the fight or flight response to help the body handle perceived threats.

Saltatory conduction is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next, which increases the speed of transmission.