Tag: chemistry in daily life

Questions Related to chemistry in daily life

1% Phenol is used as

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Disinfectant

  2. Antiseptic

  3. Antifertility drug

  4. Artificial sweetener

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

One per cent solution of phenol is used as a disinfectant and $0.2$ per cent solution of phenol is an antiseptic so a higher concentration of the same compound is harmful to the body but can be used as a disinfectant to kill microorganisms on the non-living thing.

Which of the following is an insecticide?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Bakelite

  2. Aspirin

  3. DDT

  4. TNT

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) is an organochlorine insecticide which is a colorless, crystalline solid, tasteless and almost odourless chemical compound.

Trinitrotoluene (2,4,6-trintrotoluene, TNT) is an extensively used explosive, which has been detected in soil and water at military sites and at munitions manufacturing and training operations.

Option C is correct.

Smallpox vaccine contains:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. chemical medicines

  2. enzymes

  3. killed or dead microorganisms

  4. living microorganisms

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Smallpox vaccine contains killed or dead microorganisms. The smallpox vaccine helps the body develop immunity to smallpox disease. The vaccine is made from a virus called 'vaccinia' which is a pox-type virus related to smallpox.

The $pK _{a}$ of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is $3.5$. The $pH$ of gastric juice in human stomach is about $2$ to $3$ and the $pH$ in the small intestine is about $8$. Aspirin will be

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. unionized in the small intestine as well as in the stomach.

  2. completely ionized in the small intestine as well as in the stomach.

  3. ionized in the stomach and almost unionized in the small intestine.

  4. ionized in the small intestine and almost unionized in the stomach.

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Correct Option: D

Salvarsan is an arsenic containing drug, which was first used for the treatment of:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Syphilis

  2. Typhoid

  3. Meningitis

  4. Dysentery

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Salvarsan was first used in the treatment of Syphilis. It was also used to treat trypanosomiasis. 

Chloroquin is a drug which is used to control:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Pneumonia

  2. Malaria

  3. Pain

  4. Ordinary fever

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Chloroquine is a drug which is used in the treatment and prevention of Malaria. It is an aminoquinoline.

Which of the following represents a biliquid propellant?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Nitroglycerin + Nitrocellulose

  2. $N _2O _4 +$ acrylic rubber

  3. $N _2O _4 +$ Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine

  4. Polybutadiene + Ammonium perchlorate

  5. None of the above

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Nitroglycerin is combined with nitrocellulose to form gunpowders.

$N _2O _4$ is added to acrylic rubber to increase its tensile strength.

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine with $N _2O _4$ is used as a hypergolic liquid rocket propellant.

Ammonium perchlorate in combination with polybutadiene is used as a solid composite propellant. 

Hence, option C is correct.

Compound which is added to soap to impart antiseptic properties is:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. sodium lauryl sulphate.

  2. sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

  3. rosin.

  4. bithionol.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

A) Sodium lauryl sulphate - Used in detergents. Common component of cleansing products.

B) Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate - Major component of detergent.

C) Rosin - A solid form of resin obtained from pines.

D) Bithionol - Antiseptic added to soap. Used to treat tapeworms and liver flukes.

Compound with antiseptic properties are:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. $CHCl _3$

  2. $CHI _3$

  3.  $ Boric$  $acid $

  4. $0.3$  $ppm $ $Cl _2$

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Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:
Antiseptics are anti microbial substances that are applied to living tissue or skin to reduce the possibility of infection.
$CHI _3$ and Boric acid $($chemically known as orthoboric acid $(H _3BO _3))$ are used as antiseptics.

Which of the following are sulpha drugs?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Sulphapyridine

  2. Prontosil

  3. Salvarsan

  4. Nardil

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Correct Option: A,B
Explanation:
Sulfonamide is the basis of several groups of drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides (sometimes called sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs) are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the Sulfonamide group. 
Sulfapyridine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.
Prontosil: Also known as Sulphamidochrysoidine, it was the first sulfa drug to be discovered. 
Salvarsan: Also known as Arsphenamine, it was the first modern chemotherapeutic agent.
Nardil is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI).
So, sulphapyridine and prontosil are the only sulfa drugs here.