Tag: chemistry in daily life

Questions Related to chemistry in daily life

What is tincture of iodine?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. 2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol-water mixture.

  2. A mixture of iodine in chloroxylenol.

  3. A mixture of 0.2% phenol and 2-3% iodine in water.

  4. 2-3% solution of iodine in potassium iodide.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol-water mixture is known as tincture of iodine. It is a powerful antiseptic.

Which of the following statements is not correct?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Antiseptics can be safely applied to the living tissues.

  2. Antiseptics can be incorporated into deodorants, face powders and soaps.

  3. Disinfectants can also be applied to the skin safely.

  4. A very dilute solution of a few disinfectants can be used as antiseptics.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Disinfectants are harmful to the living tissues hence they are not applied to the skin.

Antiseptic chloroxylenol is:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. $4$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol

  2. $3$ - chloro $3, 5 $ - dimethylphenol

  3. $4$ - chloro $2, 5 $ - dimethylphenol

  4. $5$ - chloro $3, 4 $ - dimethylphenol

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chloroxylenol also known as para-chloro-meta-xylenol (PCMX), is an antiseptic and disinfectant agent used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments. Its chemical names are given as 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol.

The formulation of dettol contains:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. chloroxylenol

  2. terpineol

  3. Isopropyl alcohol

  4. all of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Dettol contains Chloroxylenol (comprises of 4.8% of dettol's total admixture) which is an antiseptic and disinfectant used for skin disinfection and cleaning surgical instruments, Terpineol which is a monoterpene alcohol that has been isolated from variety of sources such as cajuput oil, pine oil, and petotgrain oil. and isopropyl alcohol.

A drug which is effective in curing malaria is:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. aspirin.

  2. quinine.

  3. morphine.

  4. analgin.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • An antimicrobial tends to destroy/prevent development or inhibit the pathogenic action of microbes such as bacteria (antibacterial drugs), fungi (antifungal agents), virus (antiviral agents), or other parasites (antiparasitic drugs) selectively.
  • Malaria is a viral disease and caused by female anopheles mosquito. The drugs which are used to cure malaria are quinine,,Hydroxychloroquine Mefloquine etc.

Which of the following can be used as an analgesic without causing addiction?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Morphine

  2. Aspirin

  3. Heroin

  4. Codeine

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Analgesics reduce or abolish pain without causing impairment of
consciousness, mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or some
other disturbances of nervous system
Aspirin and paracetamol belong to the class of non-narcotic (non-addictive) analgesics. Aspirin inhibits the synthesis of chemicals known as prostaglandins which stimulate inflammation in the tissue and cause pain. These drugs are effective in relieving skeletal pain such as that due to arthritis. These drugs have many other effects such as reducing fever (antipyretic) and preventing platelet coagulation. Because of its anti blood clotting action, aspirin finds use in prevention of heart attacks.
Morphine,Heroin,Codeine belongs to narcotic(addictive) analgesics.

Which of the following antibiotics is bactericidal?

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Erythromycin

  2. Tetracycline

  3. Penicillin

  4. Chloramphenicol

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • An antibiotic refers to a substance produced wholly or partly by chemical synthesis, which in low concentrations inhibits the growth or destroys microorganisms by intervening in their metabolic processes.
  • Antibiotics have either cidal (killing) effect or a static (inhibitory) effect on microbes.
  • Bactericidal-Penicillin,Aminoglycosides,Ofloxacin
  • Bacteriostatic-Erythromycin,Tetracycline,Chloramphenicol
  • Ampicillin and Amoxycillin are synthetic modifications of penicillins. These have broad spectrum. It is absolutely essential to test the patients for sensitivity (allergy) to penicillin before it is administered

Antiseptic are the chemical which either ___orthe growth of microorganisms and are applied to the ___.

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. kill, prevent, living tissues

  2. kill, prevent, non-living objects

  3. increase, decrease, living tissues

  4. kill, increase, non-living tissues

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces.
  • Antiseptics helps to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms.
  • Examples are furacine, soframicine, etc. 
  • Commonly used antiseptic, dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol. Bithionol (the compound is also called bithional) is added to soaps to impart antiseptic properties. Iodine is a powerful antiseptic. 
  • Its 2-3 per cent solution in alcoholwater mixture is known as tincture of iodine. It is applied on wounds. 
  • Iodoform is also used as an antiseptic for wounds. 
  • Boric acid in dilute aqueous solution is weak antiseptic for eyes.

Which of the following is not true about antifertility drugs? 

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. Birth control pills contain a mixture of synthetic estrogen and progesterone derivatives.

  2. Both compounds i.e.estrogen and progesterone are vitamins.

  3. Progesterone is supposed to suppress ovulation.

  4. Norethindrone is an example of synthetic progesterone derivative.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Estrogen and progesterone are hormones.

The main constituents of dettol are:

chemistry chemistry in daily life antimicrobials and antifertility drugs therapeutic action of different classes of drugs drugs and their classification

  1. chloramphenicol and  glycerol

  2. 2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol

  3. 0.2% solution of phenol

  4. chloroxylenol and terpineol

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Antiseptics are applied to the living tissues such as wounds, cuts, ulcers and diseased skin surfaces. Examples are furacine, soframicine etc. These are not ingested like antibiotics. Commonly used antiseptic, dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol.