Tag: plant kingdom

Gametophytes have sessile jacketed multicellular sex organs. The male is antheridium and female is archegonium. Antheridia form biflagellated (Selaginella, Lycopodium) or multiflagellated (Dryopteris) male gametes. Antheridium producing about 32 anthropoids. Each anthropoid is large antinuclear coiled and multi flagellate.

A resurrection plant is any plant that can survive extreme dehydration and desiccation for years. Selaginella lepidophylla is a  a plant species that is native to America. It is an example of resurrection plant.

In mosses (bryophytes), the sporophyte is dependent on the gametophyte. In pteridophytes (like Selaginella/Ferns), the sporophyte is independent.

Selaginella is the primary example of a heterosporous pteridophyte belonging to the class Lycopsida.

Zygotes do not undergo reduction division immediately. They produce a multicellular body called a sporophyte. The sporophyte is not free-living but attached to the photosynthetic gametophyte and derives nourishment from it. Some cells of the sporophyte undergo reduction division (meiosis) to produce haploid spores. So, the correct option is "A" (Funaria).

The main plant body of a bryophyte like Funaria is the gametophyte, which is haploid (n).

Rhizoids are part of the gametophyte (n=20). The sporophyte structures (calyptra is gametophytic tissue, but theca and foot are sporophytic 2n) have different ploidy. However, in Funaria, the calyptra is haploid (n=20), while theca and foot are diploid (2n=40).

Archegonia are the female sex organs found in bryophytes, pteridophytes, and gymnosperms. Among the choices, Funaria is a bryophyte.

In Funaria, the rhizoids are multicellular, branched, and possess oblique septa.

Bryophytes like Funaria require water for the flagellated sperm (antherozoids) to swim to the archegonium for fertilization.