Tag: geography

• Nuclear fission is the process in which immense energy is produced by fission of thorium, uranium or plutonium atoms.
  
• This is an alternative energy source to non-renewable source of fossil fuels. It has many advantages over fossil fuels.
  
• The main advantage is that it generates energy which has less carbon dioxide thereby securing environment.
  

Putrescible refers to that solid waste that can be decomposed in the environment by the action of the microorganisms or can be consumed by vectors such as birds or mammals which come high in the food chain. It does not harm the environment as it degrades with the course of nature.

Leachate collection systems in landfills use gravity to move liquid toward low points, where it is then collected and removed via pumping systems.

Medical wastes are classified as infectious wastes and non-infectious waste. Most of the biomedical waste is toxic in nature.

• Non-infectious waste: It is also called as offensive waste. It is not harmful and do not result in spread of any infection. Examples include: catheters, colostomy bags etc.
  
• Infectious wastes: This is the waste that contain pathogens which spread diseases from one person to the other. This includes used dressings, swabs and other materials or equipment that have been in contact with infected patients or excreta. It also includes liquid waste such as faeces, urine, blood and other body secretions.
  

• The per capita waste generation is the waste generated by a person. It is between 200 - 870 grams/day. The average per capita waste generation per day is 370 grams.
  
• The per capita waste generation is increasing by about 1.3% per year in India.
  

Domestic waste is the waste generated by human dwellings. Human excreta which consists of waste generated as by-products of digestion and excretion like faeces and urine is included in this category. It is included under organic waste as it is composed mostly of organic compounds.

• High Carbon dioxide concentration causes global warming.
  
• Trapping of sun’s heat in the lower atmosphere due to increase in the pollution causing gases like carbon dioxide is called greenhouse effect.
  
• Greenhouse gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone, nitrous oxide etc.
  
• Sun’s radiation is partly absorbed by earth and rest of the radiations are reflected back to the atmosphere which are escaped. But the greenhouse gases form blanket in the atmosphere and traps the radiation from escaping. This causes an increase in earth’s temperature resulting in global warming.
  

Cholera is a bacterial diseases caused due to drinking of contaminated water. Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholera. Cholera is an infectious disease that leads to extreme dehydration.

AIDS is caused by the HIV virus, which has a high mutation rate and integrates into the host genome, making it extremely difficult to eradicate or control via traditional vaccination or simple treatment compared to the other listed diseases.

Guinea worm disease which is also called as Dracunculiasis is a disease caused by guinea worm. A person gets affected when he or she consumes water contaminated with the larva.

It causes painful burning sensation and blisters in the lower limb. It is diagnosed by the worm coming out of the blister. Other symptoms include fever, nausea and vomiting.