World Geography and Politics

The permanent members of the UN Security Council are USA, Russia, China, France, and UK. India is not a permanent member, though it has often sought permanent membership. The permanent members have veto power.

Persia was the historical name for the region that is now known as Iran. The name was officially changed to Iran in 1935, though 'Persian' and 'Farsi' remain for the language and culture.

This refers to a specific APEC meeting on October 20th in Shanghai. Taiwan's attendance status at APEC meetings has historically been complicated due to the One-China policy and cross-strait relations.

Hanoi is the capital city of Vietnam. In February 2002, the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Organisation Conference was held in Hanoi, bringing together parliamentary representatives from Southeast Asian nations. Vietnam has been an important member of ASEAN since joining in 1995.

Myanmar is not a member of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation). SAARC currently includes eight member states: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Myanmar has observer status but is not a full member.

Option (4) is the correct answer.

As per data released in March 2015, India is the largest importer of arms in the world.

Both India and South Korea celebrate their independence on August 15 - India from British rule in 1947, and South Korea from Japanese rule in 1945. This coincidental date marks the end of colonial/subjugation for both nations during World War II and its aftermath.

China is not a SAARC member and therefore not part of SAFTA, which includes India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Bhutan, and Afghanistan. China has observer status but is not a full member of this South Asian trade bloc.

Tonga became the 151st member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) when it joined in 2005. The WTO is an international organization that regulates trade between nations, and membership is voluntary. Vietnam joined in 2007 as the 150th member, followed by Tonga.

ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) has 10 member states: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia. India is not a member of ASEAN though it participates as an ASEAN dialogue partner and attends ASEAN summits.

Correct option is (4).

The term 'Third World' originally referred to countries that were not aligned with either the Western bloc (First World) or the Eastern bloc (Second World) during the Cold War. Over time, it evolved to mean developing or less economically developed countries, though this usage is now considered outdated and often replaced with 'Global South' or 'developing nations'.

The Tashkent Agreement was signed in January 1966 between India and Pakistan, ending the 1965 Indo-Pak war. It was mediated by the Soviet Union and hosted in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The agreement called for withdrawal of troops to pre-war positions and restoration of diplomatic relations, though it failed to resolve the underlying Kashmir dispute.

The Madhesi National Liberation Front (MNLF) is a political organization active in Nepal, representing the Madhesi community in the Terai region bordering India. The Madhesi movement has been significant in Nepalese politics, advocating for greater representation and rights.