World Facts and Geography

France serves as the guarantor of the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) and provides the currency convertibility guarantee for the Central African CFA franc. This arrangement dates back to the colonial era when France established monetary unions with its African territories. The French Treasury holds 50% of the BEAC's capital and guarantees the CFA franc's convertibility to euros. Option B is correct - France is the guarantor. Options A (UK), C (Germany), and D (Switzerland) are incorrect as they have no role in guaranteeing the bank.

The original members of the Bank of Central African States (BEAC) are Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of Congo, and Gabon. These five countries founded the bank in 1973 and established the Central African CFA franc monetary union. Option A mentions Cameroon and CAR, Option B mentions Chad and Congo, Option C mentions Gabon, and Option D (All of the above) correctly includes all five founding members. Option D is the correct answer.

The East African Development Bank (EADB) was originally established by three East African countries: Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. These countries signed the treaty in 1967 to create the bank for regional development financing. Since then, the membership has expanded to include other African countries like Rwanda, Burundi, and others. Option D (All of the above) is correct as Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda are all original members. Options A, B, and C are individually true but incomplete.

China has constructed several high-altitude railway tunnels, including those in the Qinghai-Tibet railway line. These tunnels represent remarkable engineering achievements in challenging mountainous terrain. The country has invested heavily in high-speed rail infrastructure across diverse geographic conditions.

Atacama Desert is a “plateau”.

India has the world's largest livestock population, with over 500 million head of cattle, buffalo, goats, and sheep combined. This is due to traditional agricultural practices, religious and cultural importance of cattle, and high domestic demand for dairy and meat products. Australia has significant livestock but far fewer than India.

Correct option is (3).

Russia became the last of the 47 Council of Europe member states to ratify the European Convention on Human Rights in 2010. This was a significant step as Russia had been delaying ratification despite being a member of the Council of Europe since 1996.

According to International Living magazine's 2010 Quality of Life Index, France was ranked as the best country to live in. The index considers factors like cost of living, culture, environment, freedom, and infrastructure.

Russia

Brazil is the world's largest tropical country by land area. Most of Brazil (approximately 80-90%) lies within the tropical zone. The Amazon rainforest, the world's largest tropical rainforest, is predominantly located in Brazil. The other options (Bahamas, Egypt, Indonesia) are either smaller or not predominantly tropical.

Australia is the world's smallest continent by land area, covering approximately 7.69 million square kilometers. Asia is the largest continent, Europe is larger than Australia, and Antarctica is larger than Australia. Australia is unique in being both a continent and a country.

The Australian Mainland is the world's smallest landmass if considering continental landmasses. Australia covers about 7.69 million square kilometers, smaller than any other continent. Brazil and China are larger countries (not continents), and the Dead Sea is a water body, not a landmass.

Shanghai is the world's largest seaport by total cargo tonnage, handling over 500 million tonnes of cargo annually. Singapore, Hong Kong, and Rotterdam are major global ports but handle less total tonnage than Shanghai. China's rapid economic growth has made its ports the busiest in the world, with Shanghai leading consistently since the early 2000s.

The correct answer is USA because the United States has the longest road network in the world, with approximately 6.6 million kilometers of roads. This includes interstate highways, state highways, and local roads. China has the second-longest network, while India ranks third globally in total road length.